| Objective:Describe the status of Vitamin A nutrition in children in the Yugur, analyze the level of vitamin in children, deficiency of sub-clinical Vitamin A and suspicious deficiency situation to provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures of Vitamin A deficiency in minority areas in our province.Methods:The Yugur autonomous county, Sunan, Gansu, Province is selected to be objective area of this research.184 Yugur children amid 7-12 years old in 2 local primary schools are sampled as research objects randomly (One is mainly with resident students, the other is mainly with non-resident students). For the qualified tested subjects, the professional nurse will responsible for collecting 3ml of venous blood with disposal sub-pressure blood collector from each of them, the serum will be separated in 4 hours after anti-exposure and still set, and it will be determined in -70℃cryopreservation. As micro-fluorescence determination on Vitamin A level in the serum is conducted, comprehensive assessment on the level of Vitamin A is acted through physical exam, dietary survey, Iron, Zinc, Copper, Calcium and Magnesium. Excel and SPSS13.0 are used in database establishment of all data and statistical analysis respectively. Results:Dietary survey:Energy supply of three major nutrients in survey objects are quite reasonable, kinds of food are complete, the diet structure is mainly with grain and potato-based diet, intake of animal food and milk is relatively much. When it is compared with national nutrition and health status of Chinese residents in 2002, intake level of the target population fruit and vegetables is lower than national average level. Among intake of dietary nutrients like protein, VB1, VE, Fe, and Se is close to the intake of recommended intake (RNI) of DRIs, while intake of VB2, VC, Ca and Zn are lower the intake quantity recommended intake (RNI) of DRIs. Particularly, intake of VA (Visual Retinol Equivalent) is short seriously, failing to meet 50% of recommended intake (RNI) of DRIs. Intake of VA and the level of serum VA in diet are correlated (r=0.30, P=0.000).Determination of serum VA: Average level of serum VA the target population comes to 1.44±0.57μmol/L, its level in non-resident student (1.53μmol/L) is significantly higher than that in resident student (1.30μmol/L); VAD:0 case,20 in SVAD (accounting for 10.87%), among them 10 people are non-resident students (accounting for 9.09%) and 10 people are resident students (accounting for 13.51%),8 people are boys (accounting for 8.70%),12 people are girls (accounting for 13.04%); In 31 people of suspicious SVAD (accounting for 16.85%), among them 19 people are non-resident students (accounting for 17.27%),12 people are resident students (accounting for 16.22%), boys 14 (accounting for 15.22%),17 people are girls (accounting for 16.85%). All SVAD and suspicious SVAD children with different dietary patterns are not significant difference statistically.In different age groups, all normal rates of children's VA in the serum gradually increase, the incidence rates of SVAD and suspicious SVAD majorly take on drop trend, and the prevalence rate of Vitamin. A level in the serum in different genders, the prevalence rate of SVAD and the prevalence rate of suspicious SVAD are not significant difference statisticallyIntervention effect:Comprehensive nutrition intervention not only significantly enhances the effect of serum VA but also has a significant improvement on the SVAD:Average level of VA in the serum of children conducted with comprehensive nutrition intervention previously was 1.92±0.45μmol/L, and SVAD patients are not found; While average level of VA in the serum of children without intervention is VA 1.34±0.54μmol/L, the incident rate of SVAD is 13.42%, all the differences are statistically significant. According to survey in 2004, the level of serum VA in Yugur children aged at 0-6 years was 0.37±0.02μmol/L, the level of serum VA after comprehensive nutrition intervention (60 days) was 0.86±0.03μmol/L. The level of serum Vitamin A after nutritional intervention in target population is significantly higher than that before intervention (P<0.01).Relationship between the content of VA in the serum and the content of Fe, Zn, Cu, Ca and Mg in the serum:The contents of Copper, Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium and Iron in children at all ages of the population group are within reference values. The serum Fe is positively correlated with serum VA. For the VA insufficient serum, all levels of Fe and Zn in the serum are significantly lower than normal VA in the serum. The differences between serum Cu, Ca and Mg are not significant statistically. After Vitamin A preparation is complemented to insufficient serum VA, serum VA rese significantly, the difference is statistically significant. Contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, Ca, and Mg in the serum don't change significantly after supplementation of Vitamin A.Relationship between VA in the serum and height & weight of the children: Heights of surveyed objects are positively correlated with ages of surveyed objects (P=0.00), the difference is not statistically significant, and both heights of boys and girls in different age groups are higher than levels of reference values. Heights of surveyed objects are positively correlated with ages of surveyed objects (P=0.00), while all heights of boys and girls in different age groups are lower levels of reference values. The proportion of children of suspicious SVAD with height and weight below average level was higher than that in children with normal level of Vitamin A, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). SVAD patient children with height and weight below average level is significantly higher than the normal group, the difference is statistically significant.Conclusion:①Energy supply of three major nutrients in surveyed object is relatively reasonable, the diet composition basically meet requirements, kinds of food are complete, intake of dietary VA is insufficient; and physical development is in a good condition, The VA is an essential nutrient for growth and development of children, especially for physical development of children.②Level of VA in the serum in surveyed population group is higher than that in population of children in non-grazing are, there is non-VAD phenomenon, but there are still SVAD. Children suffering from SVAD and suspicious SVAD shall be main target objects of cure and prevention in the population group lack of VA.③The VA level in the serum of non-resident children were significantly higher than that of resident children; Normal rate of VA in children's serum gradually increase in different age groups, the incidence of SVAD and suspicious SVAD mainly shows a drop trend; the VA of surveyed population group is in a light and moderate deficiency critical area.④Combination of health publicity & education with composite nutrition preparation complementary way to conduct comprehensive nutrition intervention not only significantly enhance the role of VA in the serum but also a significant improvement on the SVAD⑤The content of Fe in the serum is positively correlated with content of VA in the serum, for insufficient VA in the serum, contents of Fe and Zn serum are significantly lower than normal level of VA in the serum.
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