| ObjectiveThis paper applied cross-sectional study methodology was to investigate the small samples of periodontal infection in patients with the coronary heart disease, which studies the risk factors between the coronary heart disease and periodontitis. It investigated the relationship between chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease, and raised awareness on the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease.Materials and methods1. The selected subjects:A group of 50 people with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic periodontitis, selecting from the cardiology patients who admitted the cardiology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Hospital, between December of 2008 and December of 2009; A group of 50 people with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic periodontitis, selecting from the cardiology patients who admitted the Cardiology department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Hospital, between December of 2007 and December of 2008; A group of 50 people, selecting from the patients suffering from simple chronic periodontal inflammation (chronic periodonititis, CP), selecting from the chronic periodontitis patients who were treated in the periodontal department of the stomatology Hospital of China Medical University, between December of 2008 and December of 2009; A group of 50 people, selecting from the healthy volunteers in the medical center of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, between January of 2009 and April of 2009. All person were completing with the informed consent, truthfully completing with the questionnaires. All person were from Liaoning Provine and the Han.2. The questionnaires:the objects of study were used in a uniform questionnaire. Except gender, age, income, etc, and the majors include:①level of education;② income level;③smoke or not④brushing habits;⑤of their own assessment of oral health status;⑥receiving dental treatment, and so on.3. Physical examination:height (m), weight (kg), blood pressure(mmHg/Kpa), electrocardiogram, arteriography.4. Periodontal examination:check six index teeth (16,11,26,31,36,46) and probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival sulcus bleeding Index (SBI), simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), loose-degree (TM).5. All people were collected blood sample in the morning and analyzed by automatic biochemical serum biochemical parameters:total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fibrinogen (Fg). Double-antibody sandwich assay (ELISA) determination of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).6. Statistical analysis:SPSS 13.0 statistical package was applied to analyze statistically:χ2 test, variance analysis and binary correlation analysis.Results1. Among the 200 persons, there were 138 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, accounting for 69% of the total number, while only 12 patients with mild periodontal disease, accounted for 6%.103 male patients who were suffering from moderate to severe periodontitis, accounting for 51.5% of the total number, while the 35 female patients, accounting for 17.5% of the total number.2.108 smokers in all subjects (200 persons), accounted for 54%, in comparison, between the two groups were statistically significant P<0.01,138 people with moderate to severe periodontitis,89 patients were smokers, accounting for smokers 82.5%. According to the smoking and periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), oral hygiene index (OHI-S), positive correlation between the degree of periodontitis, the periodontal status of smokers were poorer than non-smokers.3. The clinical indicators of periodontal probing depth PD in the ACS group (3.9±1.19) were higher than the CAD group (2.95±0.69), CP group (2.77±0.89) and H group (0.99±0.73), ACS group with the CP group and H group differences were statistically significant P<0.05. Clinical attachment loss CAL in the ACS group (4.34±1.33) was higher than the CAD group (3.88±1.17), CP group. (3.58±1.48) and H group (1.06±0.77), ACS group and CP group and H group difference were statistical significance P<0.05. Oral hygiene index OHI-S in the ACS group,1.95±0.49 higher than the CAD group (1.86±0.36), CP group (1.78±0.49) and H group (0.62±0.45), The different between ACS group and CP group and H group statistically significante P <0.05. Sulcus bleeding index SBI levels in the CAD group (2.92±1.00) higher than the ACS group (2.59±1.32), CP group (1.57±0.70) and H group (0.66±0.42), between the two groups was no significant difference.4. Serum biochemical indicators of total cholesterol TC level in the ACS group (5.16±1.43) was significantly higher than CAD group (4.51±1.12), CP group (4.99±1.06) and H group (4.88±1.32), ACS group and CP group differences were statistically significant P<0.05. TG triglyceride levels in the ACS group (2.15±1.72) higher than the CP group (1.63±0.95) and H group (1.70±1.09), ACS group and CP group differences were statistically significant P<0.05. LDL low-density lipoprotein levels in the ACS group (3.19±0.99) higher than the CP group (2.68±0.63) and H group (2.27±0.80), ACS group and CP group differences were statistically significant P<0.05. HDL high-density lipoprotein levels in the CAD group (1.28±0.52) lower than the ACS group (1.75±0.74), CP group (1.56±0.70) and H group (1.82±0.68), between the two groups was no significant difference.5. Fg was positively correlated compared with periodontal clinical parameters PD, CAL, SBI, OHI-S. hs-CRP was positively correlated compared with periodontal clinical parameters PD, CAL, SBI, OHI-S.6. The statistical analysis of Fg, hs-CRP, TC, TG, and LDL, there were close relationship between coronary heart disease and chronic periodontitis.Conclusion1. If the study of natural conditions were basically the same, the status of the periodontal patients with the coronary heart disease and with either acute phase or stable phase was worse than the status of the patients with simply chronic periodontitis.2. The exclusion of the age, sex, BMI, income levels and other conditions, we found the increase of PD, CAL, OHI-S can lead to the levels of TC,TG,Fg,hs-CRP change, these indicators were the important factors that may be acute coronary heart disease and aggravate coronary heart disease. 3. Chronic periodontitis may cause significantly abnormal Fg, hs-CRP, which is closely related to the development of coronary heart disease.
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