| Objective:To investigate the prevalence of albuminuria and in type 2 diabetic patients. To analyse the characteristics and the relating factors of 24h-urinary albumin excretion (24h-UAE) in patients with type 2 diabetes. To provide evidence for preventing and delaying the incidence and development of diabetic nephropathy.Patients and methods:1,Study samples:500 cases with type 2 diabetes admitted into the Linyi people's hospital from January 2008 to December 2009 were enrolled.2,Investigating contents:Family history of diabetes, diabetic course, and diabetic complications such as cerebrovascular disease,ophthalmopathy,peripheral neuropathy,diabetic foot were recorded. History of hypertension,ischemic heart disease,smoking,drinking,fatty liver and cholecystolithiasis were also collected. Body height,weight,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of each patient were recorded. Body mass index(BMI)=body weight(kg)/body height2(m2). Blood samples was drawn from the ulnar vein in the morning when patients were in resting state after food and drink forbidden for 8-10 hours, and were used to measure fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C),totol cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine(CREA). Urine routine and urine sanguinis microalbumin were measured,24 hour urine were collected for quantitative assay of protein.3,Groups:An analysis of the excretion and the relating factors of 24h-urinary albumin in type 2 diabetes mellitus were conducted based on 500 cases in our department. According to 24h-UAE, they were divided into three groups: Normoalbuminuria group, Microalbuminuria group, Macroalbuminuria group.4,Statistical:All datas were analyzed by SPSS 16.0, including T-tests,ANOVA,non-parametric test and logistic regression. P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1.The incidence rate of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes were listed as follows:In 500 cases with type 2 diabetes, there were 388 cases with normalalbuminuria,114 cases with microalbuminuria,48 cases with macroalbuminuria. The incidence rate of microalbuminuria was 23%, while the rate of macroalbuminuria was 10%.2.The age of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria group was significantly elder than that of normoalbuminuria group. The durations of diabetes were significantly longer in patients with microalbuminuria group than those with normoalbuminuria group. While the durations of diabetes were significantly longer in patients with macroalbuminuria group than those with microalbuminuria group. The BMI,blood lipid,fasting plasma glucose,2-hour postprandial glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin were significantly higher in patients with microalbuminuria group and macroalbuminuria group than those with normoalbuminuria group. Data on sex,family history of diabetes,smoking and drinking had no statistical significance among three diabetic subgroups. Followed by the increasing of the microalbuminuria, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, the prevalence of diabetic ophthalmopathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, creatinine(CREA), blood uric acid (BUA) became higher gradually, GFR became lower gradually.3.Non-condition logistic regression results:Diabetic course, systolic blood pressure, diabetic ophthalmology are selected into the equation, they were independent relating factors of albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients (diabetic nephropathy).Conclusions:Type 2 diabetes mellitus may be complicated with microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria. Detection of albuminuria is of great importance for early discovery of diabetes nephropathy. Tight control of blood pressure, blood glucose, HbA1C and blood uric acid, correcting dyslipidemia is a better way for prevention and treatment of albuminuria(diabetic nephropathy).
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