| Objective:Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is a damage mostly with white colour in the oral mucosa and without other characters that can be defined. It is general precancer. And some cases can turn into cancer. The epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucous membrane is the essential feature of the precancerous lesion which is the transform stage from normal condition to malignant cancer. Researches show that 4%-40% out of the OLK cases would become cancers. The risk of OLK cases that turn into cancer is 50-100 times more than normal persons. It is a process of many stages from OLK to OSCC affected by a series of factors, Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is major carcinoma in oral tumor. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF),is a mesenchymal cell derived paracrine growth factor, and epithelial cell express its specific receptor----KGFR. Bcl-2 (B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 2) gene is a proto-oncogene, is one of the anti-apoptotic gene of which to be first awared. Some results of recent experiments show that KGF may play an inhibition biological role on apoptosis of epithelial cell.And found a very close association of Bcl-2 coexpression with KGFR at both cellular and tissue levels.In the present study,we confirmed that there was substantial difference among the three groups. The aim of this study is to detect the different expression of KGFR,Bcl-2 in the tissue of normal oral mucosa, OLK and OSCC at the level of protein by Immunohistochemistry. And it is to be discussed about the function and mechanism involved with apoptosis of KGFR and Bcl-2 in thetransformation from oral precancer to cancer and OSCC metastasis.Methods:1. The study group consisted of 25 cases, included 9 cases of OLK, and 11 cases of OSCC, and 5 cases with normal oral mucosa. These specimens were all defined by clinical and Pathological diagnoses. Every specimen would be seriate cut for HE staining, Immunohistochemical staining of KGFR and Bcl-2, negative contrast,respectively. We studied the expression of KGFR and Bcl-2 in different tissues according to the results at the levels of protein by IH.2. Digital image processing was used to analysis the expression of KGFR and Bcl-2 in the three different tissues. The optical density (OD) of the three different tissue sections was obtained by the means of semi-quantitation. The number of KGFR and Bcl-2 protein positive cells in five random fields at×400 magnification of each section.3. Data were expressed as the means±SD. Significance of difference were analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test. Values of P<0.05 were considered to indicate statistically significant.Results:1. IH results of KGFR: In normal mucosa, KGFR was positive in the cell membranes and some of the cytoplasma of spinous layer cells and granulosa layer cells.In OLK, KGFR was positive in the cell membranes and some of the cytoplasma of the full-thickness of epithelium with intense expression in spinous layer cells and granulosa layer cells ,and with a stronger staining than normal mucosa.In OSCC, KGFR was positive in the cell membranes and the cytoplasma of the full-thickness of epithelium and horny pearl with a strong positive expression.2. IH results of Bcl-2: In normal mucosa, Bcl-2 was positive in basal layer with weak expression in the cytoplasm and nuclear envelope.In OLK, Bcl-2 had similar expression with normal mucosa in epithelium but with a stronger staining.In OSCC, Bcl-2 was positive in the the cytoplasm and nuclear envelope of the full-thickness of epithelium with intense expression in basal layer.3. Results of OD in IH: KGFR,Bcl-2 in the tissue of normal oral mucosa, OLK and OSCC showed a significantly (P<0.05)stronger expression,respectively.Conclusion:KGFR,Bcl-2 in the tissue of normal oral mucosa, OLK and OSCC showed a stronger expression,respectively. In the present study,we confirmed that there was substantial difference among the three groups. The expression of KGF,KGFR may inhibit cell apoptosis possibly through the overexpression of Bcl-2 besides induce cell proliferation and differentiation. |
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