A Study Of Mother-Infant Candidal Transmission, Detection, Prophylaxis And Treatment Of Oral Candidal Infection

Objectives:1. To investigate candidal transmission from mothers to their newborn infants in Lanzhou.2. To set up a rapid and simple PCR assay for Candida detection and identification by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) universal primers and Candida special primers.3.The exploration of the relationship between Candida's acid-producting and pathogenicity; thestudy on xylitol for control Candida's acid-productina and adhesion.4. The study on establishment of Candidal vaccine in experimental animal.Methods:1. Vaginal fluid and saliva samples from 104 puerperas, as well as 104 saliva samples from their newborn infants, were collected. The Candida species were cultured, isolated and identified using CHROMagar media. Further identification was taken using molecular biological technology.2. The clinical oral Candidal species were collected. PCR was then employed to Candidas' DNA by using four Candida primers, the effective PCR primers were finally selected by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of available primers.3. To culture four oral Candidas and detect Candida's ability of acid-producing in different period by deserving ph value. To detect the OD600 value and ph value of different medium.4. To inject the inactivated Candidal medium to experimental mice every week, then collect the serum of mice for detecting inhibition of the serum to the growth of Candida spp and select the main organs of mice for deserving pathological damagement. Results:1. Candida species were found positively 39.42%and 33.65% were observed in the vaginal and oral of puerperas respectively, and 21.15% in both vagina and oral cavity. The rate 4.81% was found in oral cavities of newborn infants. In 2 pairs of mother-infant, the same genotype of Candida ablicans was identified using PCR method.2. Analyzing the outcomes that using the different primers by observing the electrophoresis maps. The results are that the improved primer is more effective and accurate than other primers.3. The PH value of mediums having Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata decreased significantly in several hours, and the values of Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata subsquently have rising trend. The OD600 values of xylitol medium having Candida all decline. The PH value of gluconic medium having Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei decreased obviously as well as in xylitol medium did not change.4. The serum of experimental mice can significantly inhibit the growth of Candidas; the major organs of experimental mice were not found abnormity on pathological section after intraperitoneal injection of inactivated Candidal mdium.Conclusions:1. The Candida isolation rate of newborn infants and transmission rate from mother to their neonate in Lanzhou are higher than that reported in other areas. The colonization of Candida in newborn infants is relevant to both horizontal and vertical transmission.2. The rapid PCR detection that combines ITS universal primers and Candida special primers can rapidly, simply, and sensitively detect Candida species. This method is helpful to early diagnosis for clinical Candidal infection.3. Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata have acid-production. Compare with other Candidas, acid-producing of Candida albicans is more rapid and longer. The result is consistent with the clinical phenomenon as Candida albicans has the highest infection rate, so infer that Candida's pathogenicity and acid-production have certain correlation. Xylitol can inhibit glucose metabolism of Candida and inhibit the growth of Candida.4. It is feasible that induce experimental mice to produce active immunity and it is effective that inhibit the growth of Candida by using antibody produced by experimental mice.Candida vaccine is effective in deducing the infection rate of Candida spp.