A Survey On Nutrition And Health Status Of The Olds In Two Nursing Homes In Qingdao

Objective To investigate the basic nutrition and health status(lipid levels,antioxidant and immune capability) of the olds in two nursing homes in Qingdao.Methods 320 individuals from two nursing homes in Qingdao were randomly selected as subjects.Each of the subjects accepted a body check and 5mL fasing venous blood were collected after a night rest.Blood lipid,glucose and hemoglobin were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.GSH-Px,MDA,SOD and erythrocyte hemolysis were measured by kits.C-PR, IL-6,TNF and minerals in red cell were also analyzed.The 24-hour dietary recall method was used to analyze the nutrients intakes of the subjects by trained full-time medical personnels.Food samples were weighted and the results were analyzed with a nutrition analysis software.Results 1) The incidence of malnutrition and anemia were 1.9%and 13.2%respectively;and the incidence of anemia was higher in males than in females.The incidence of overweight,hypertension,hyperglycaemia and hyperlipemia were 45.9%, 61.8%,19.0%and 36.2%respectively.A decreasing tendency of the BMI in the olds was found with aging,but not significantly(P＞0.05).There was neither significant difference of lipid among aged groups.There was no significant difference of skinfold thickness among the malnutrition,the normal and the overweight groups(P＞0.05).The waistline of overweight group was thicker than the two other groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference among the three groups in upper arm circumference(P＞0.05).2) There were no significant differences in the content of SOD,MDA,the activity of GSH-Px and the erythrocyte hemolysis among different aged groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences among different aging groups in IL-6,CPR and TNF.But the insulin level of the older-than-90 group was higher than other groups(P＜0.05).The TNF and the insulin level of hyperlipidemia group differed from the normal group,but there was no significant difference with CPR and IL-6 between the two groups.3) The dietary intake of protein was 74.6g/d for every standard person.The energy provided by protein,fat and carbohydrate were 18.1%,22.9%and 59.0%respectively.The ratio of energy provided by breakfast,lunch and dinner was 4:4:2.The dietary intakes of retinol equivalent,thiamine,riboflavin,vitamin C and total vitamin E were all lower than the amounts recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society(RNI) for both men and women. Males' average dietary intake of vitamin C was higher than females'(P<0.05).The intakes of calcium for both genders were lower than the RNI.Males' intakes of potassium and magnesium were higher than the RNI and female's(P<0.05).Males' intakes of sodium and zinc were higher than females'(P<0.05),but all lower than the RNI.Males' intake of iron was higher than the RNI,while females' was lower than the RNI.Conclusion The incidence of hypertension,hyperlipemia,hyperglycaemia is high,which will restrain the elders' health.The dietary intake of protein of the old in the two nursing home is adequate.But the energy provided by fat is too much.The ratio of the energy provided by the three macro-nutrients is reasonable,but the intakes of vitamins and minerals are low.The old's health should be improved by improving their diets.