The Diagnosis Of Urinary Bladder Cancer By Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Objective Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a common malignant neoplasm of the genitourinary system, the diagnoses of bladder cancer are depended on cystoscopy and cytology, but both of the methods are imperfect. The study is to compare the sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and cytology for the detection of urinary bladder cancer, and to detect the chromosomal aberration of patient's urine samples.Methods A mixture of fluorescent labeled probes to the centromeres of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17, and band 9p21 was used to detect urinary cells for chromosomal abnormalities.100 urine samples were collected, including 80 with the history of urinary bladder cancer, 20 without the history of urinary bladder cancer as control group, with the control group, make a leak point, a positive result was defined as 2 or more abnormal chromosomes were detected in one sample. Meanwhile, all of the 80 patient's urine samples were detected with cytology.Results (1) A total of 80 biopsies showed urinary bladder cancer .The sensitivity of cytology 57.5%,while the sensitivity of FISH was 88.46%, the specificity of FISH was 95.24%,FISH was significantly more sensitive than cytology for detecting bladder cancer .(2) The rates of chromosomes aberrations were 3 (52.5%), 7 (52.5%) ,17 (62.5%) and 9p21(66.25%) .The aneuploidies multiplication of chromosomes 3,7and 17 were associated with tumor stage(p<0.05) and tumor grade(p<0.05), with the accrescence of the tumor's stage and grade ,the rate of he aneuploidies multiplication of chromosomes 3,7 and 17 were increased. The chromosome 9p21 wasn't associated with the stage and the grade of the tumor. (3)The combination of the four probe set can increase the sensitivity and specificity rate.Conclusion (1) The sensitivity of FISH for the detection of urinary bladder cancer is superior to that of cytology. (2) There existed frequent aberrations in the exfoliated cells of bladder cancer,and the aberration rate is associated with tumor's stage and grade.(3) FISH can improve significantly the diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer and will be significant for screening of urinary bladder cancer.