Advance Of Operation Treatment For Sacral Fracture

Sacral fractures are rare injuries that are often neglected because of the general severity of the patient's injuries. They are typical injuries in patients with pelvic fractures.Truma is often the most common cause of sacral fractures. Classification put forward by Denis F in 1998 has been widely used for the classification of sacral fractures. As the classification is based on the direction, location, and level of sacral fractures, it is of clinical significance for the appropriate treatment. Denis type II and III (Zone II and III) fractures are frequently associated with nerve injuries. Generally, sacral fractures could be treated either conservatively or surgically. Conservative treatment used to be the first choice in the treatment of sacral fractures in the past. Yet, chronic neurologic sequelae such as lower limb pain, bladder dysfunction, etc, in some conservatively treated patients could be seen. With the development of medical science and the increase of life quality requirement of the patients, the shortcomings of conservative treatment cuased great concern of clinicians. At present, it is gerenrally accepted that sacral fractures associated with unstable pelvic ring fractures or nerve injuries should consider the use of active surgical treatment to reduce sequelae, improve patient's long-term quality of life. Surgical treatment of sacral fracture methods varied in the past decades. The traditional surgical methods included sacroiliac screws, intrasacral rod and external fixator, etc. All of the traditional methods could result in the restoration of the stability of the pelvic ring and indirect fixation of sacrum. As the fixation of sacrum by traditional methods is indirect and the therapeutic effects has been controvosial. Recent years have witnessed the induction and usages of many new methods and apparatuses in the surgical treatment of sacral fractures as the fast development in medical technology. Direct fixation of sacral fracture and thus better restoration of pelvic stability could be reached by the new methods and apprartuses as compared with traditional methods. The indications and advantages as well as disadvantages of traditional and newly introduced fixative methods and apprartuses in the surgical treatment of sacral fractures, such as external fixator, intrasacral rod, sacroiliac screws,Ï€-Shaped Rod, locking compression plate etc were briefly reviewed in this paper. The recent advances in the surgical treatment of sacral fractures were also involved in the paper. The aim of this review is to provide a reference for the appopriate treatment of sacral fractures.