| Objective To explore the influence of different swimming exercises on the expression of c-fos in rat's hippocampal formation which includes CA1,CA2,CA3,dentate gyrus DG..Materials and Methods 110 male Sprague - Dawley rats were divided into control group (group A,n=10), endurance exercise group(group B, n=50) and interval exercise group(group C, n=50).The rats in groups B and C were trained by different types of swimming for 6 weeks, while the rats in control group remained in their home cages throughout the training and experiment. The fresh cerebral tissues were divided on icewater bath while the paraform-perfused brains were obtained at 0h, 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h after swimming. The former cerebral tissues were detected by RT-PCR in order to investigate the changes of c-fos mRNA in hippocampal formation, however, the later perfused brains be done with frozen section, immunohistochemical staining, then the localization and distribution of Fos protein were observed. All the data were analyzed by SPSS13.0, and expressed (Mean±S.E.).Difference was considered statistically significant at P<0.05.Results 1 RT-PCR:The expression of c-fos mRNA increased significantly after 6 weeks swimming. The maximum of c-fos appeared at 1h in group B and at 0.5h in group C.2 Immunocytochemistry:①The expressions of c-fos in group B and C increased significantly compared with group A after 6 weeks exercise.②The number of c-fos position cells in CA1,CA2 were maximal at 0h while CA3,DG were maximal at 1h,2h in groups B. The number of c-fos position cells in CA1,CA2,CA3 and DG were maximal at 0.5h in groups C. There were significantly differences between group B and C.Conclusion①After long-time swimming exercise, the expression of c-fos increased in hippocampal formation. The swimming exercise could actived the nerve cells.②The expression of c-fos was different between two types exercises which possibly deponds on the intensity and endurance of exercise.
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