Study On China's Population Health And Community Health Services

With the rapid development of society and technology, the medical model has changed from the biomedical model to biology - psychology - social medicine model. Health does no longer belong to the field of medicine, but become a focus of social research. Researches on the influence of various aspects of population health contribute to further understanding on the traditional health care, and guiding community health services in China.Community health services, as a new mechanism of health system in our country, an importance fundamental work, promote the medical and health system reform of the city, attracting the extensive attention of Government and scholars. As the community health services develop, a number of problems came up, such as lack of financial input, insufficient grass-roots health service network, unqualified service personnel,imperfect health protection mechanism, etc.All theses factors hampered sustainable development of China's community health services.Researches on community health services in China started late and focused mainly on the regional analysis of the current status and community health services from the aspect of micro-management. few studies the impact of community health services on the population health from a macro perspective.This study combined macro and quantitative research methodology explores the relationship between population health and community health services, analyzes current problems and provides countermeasures. It has important practical significance in protecting population health and promoting the quality of community health services.The study gives a detailed analysis of China's population health and community services through five chapters, and suggests some countermeasures from the perspective of population health community services. The first chapter is the foundation of study including the definition, literature review at home and abroad, as well as the structureThe second chapter analyzes the population health and resource allocation of health care. Firstly, it analyzes the health status of China's population, including average life expectancy, maternal and infant mortality rates, child growth and development, slow STDs. With the overall national strength, China's population health status indicators and health-care policies are implemented gradually and have achieved fairly good results. However, due to aging, urbanization and other social phenomena, highlights the lack of mechanisms and measures of the health protection, our residents also face the risk of new diseases and health problems. Secondly, it analyzes the allocating mode of the China's medical resources and the influencial factors. Nowadays, China's macro-health resource allocation shows the feature of "inverted triangle", bringing varying defects. Overcrowding in major hospitals, primary hospitals with few patients; community-based medical and health institutions far behind the major hospitals in quantity and scale; and medical resources allocated in major hospitals excessively, result in shortage of resources.Chapter III is the analysis of women's reproductive health survey in Changchun City. First, it introduces the basic design of women's health investigation, including the health survey, health survey methods and data analysis methods. The study collects 632 married women as the reproductive health survey samples; the survey done on a personal investigation, gynecological examination and breast examination; it analyzes the census data using international SAS (9.10) statistical analysis software. Secondly, it analyzes the results according to women's health survey data. The results show that age distribution about the liquid-based cervical cytology unusual for 31-50 years of age; incidence of hyperplasia of mammary glands are concentrated in the age 24-50 years old, the sense of self-care are weakly; that it is very important to strengthen health education and improve health awareness and the population health; that women have the needs for personalized health care services, and that community health services have to be strengthened. Chapter IV is the situation and analysis of China's community health services. First, it analyzes the development of community health services. Second, it provides the current status of community health services. The results show that the country's community health service is still in its infancy, that there is great gap between the demand for community preventive health care for people, and that basic medical services can not meet the requirements of the masses. Finally, the chapter analyzes the limitations and constraints of the community health services. At present, the main problems are that financial investment can not meet the demand of the community service. It has become a "bottleneck." to sustainable development of community health service for the community health service financing and compensation mechanism of the imperfections in our country. Next, overall quality is low. Existing community health services staff qualifications, job title, generally lack of expertise, community health professionals and technical personnel structure is irrational, the lack of qualified medical personnel in general. Not at the least, the allocation of resources and services unreasonable failure. All of these have seriously affected the ability and level of community health services in our community. Community hospitals can not meet the needs of the public.Chapter V is the countermeasures of the community health services under perspective of population health. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study proposes some corresponding solutions from the perspective of population health, a number of factors of the relevance and role of co-ordination of community health services to be considered. First, it is necessary to coordinate the multi-factors, to promote population health level, including increasing the responsibility of the government in promoting population health ,changing the model of health care to the model of health protection, establishing social environment for health promotion, and taking health indicators as an important element of government's assessment. Second, several security works to promote community health service need to be done. First of all, consolidate the dominant position of the community health services and improve basic health care system including: improving training and access mechanisms; increasing government investment, establishing a sound evaluation mechanism, fully reflecting the non-profit community health services; developing the aid policies by central and local governments for undeveloped areas, promoting universal service, and reducing regional differences. Second, provide basic health services and reduce the price of medicines. Third, implement guarantee measures of integrated multi-level medicine including the implementation of multi-level and mixed health insurance system in accordance with population; developing "one Card" system for the floating population in our country; and carrying on the policy of "social assistance" for poor and special groups. Finally, strengthen the community health service and multi-joint and mutually beneficial win-win situation including giving full leading play to health sector, medical insurance, financial sector and price Sector.Through the analysis above, it is known that the community health services is the basic segment towards the goal of accessing to primary health care and implementing population health management, and that the sound network with functions could play important role in community health services. Focusing on a various factors influencing health is the leading direction of community health services. Therefore, the study suggests that combine population health with community services, take various measures, solving the problems faced by community services to achieve the goal of population health protection.