| Lead is one of the common toxic which threat the health and the safety of human life , cause irreversible damage of the brain, liver and other organs including reduce the ability to distinguish and cognitive. Lead is a potential immunosuppressive factor, weaken the resistance of the body, effect the body of the humoral immunity, cellular immunity, so it increased the incidence of tumor and susceptibility to the bacteria and virus . The development of dispel lead drug focus on the ability to dispel lead and improving the imbalance of essential trace elements in the body, but the reported to improve immune function in very small. so it very important to develop a herbal medicine to dispel lead and improve the immune function.Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis with a clear free radicals, immune regulation, to improve the function of hematopoietic, intended to be used for dispel lead. The experiment consists of two parts, On the one hand, studies of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis to improve the impact of memory and to investigate the impossible mechanism, On the other hand, research on the improvement of lead-induced immunosuppression.Method: To observation of the ability to improve learning and memory of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis using of Morris water maze and step-down test, AchE activity of the brain tissue are determined by the Colorimetric method, bcl-2 and bax expression by indirect immunofluorescence method, SOD activity are determined by Xanthine Oxidase method, MDA content are determined by the Thiobarbituric acid condensation reaction, Spleen lymphocyte proliferation are determined by MTT method, the number of peripheral blood leukocytes are determined by the method of counting, Phagocytic capacity and Natural killer cell killing rate are determined by neutral red colorimetric method.Result: During Morris water maze test , compared with model group, in the middle and high dose of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis groups mice, the latent period to reach the platform were significantly reduced after lead exposure in mice 42 days (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the time to across the plat were significantly increased (P<0.05) . during step-down test, compared with model group ,in the high dose of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis groups mice, the learning train and memory test were significantly prolonged (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the mistakes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), touch electricity time were low significantly within 3 minutes(P<0.01); in the middle dose of Ginsenoside Re mice, the mistakes to jump up the platform and touch electricity time of learning train were significantly decreased within 3 minutes (P<0.05), the latent period to jump up the platform were significantly prolonged (P<0.05), mistakes and touch electricity time were significantly decreased in the memory test (P<0.05).Compared with model group, in the middle and high dose of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis groups mice, the expression of bcl-2 was significantly increased(P<0.05), whereas bax was significantly decreased(P<0.01), the value of bcl-2/bax increased signifieantly (P<0.05).The middle and high dose of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis groups made MDA activities decreased and SOD increased in brain tisuee of lead exposed mice(P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in AchE activity of the brain tissue of every group.Compared with model group, in the middle and high dose of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis groups mice, the phagocytic capacity, Natural killer cell killing rate, the number of peripheral blood leukocytes and spleen lymphocyte proliferation was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion: The improvement effects of Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis improve lead exposed induced learning the memory disorder might have relation with antioxidant and anti-apoptotic. Polysaccharides from Radix Codonopsis improve lead-induced immunosuppression. |
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