| Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease refers to lumina stenosis or obstruction resulted from coronary atherosclerosis which leading to myocardial ischemia, hypoxia. Coronary heart disease, also known as ischemic heart disease includes coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and coronary artery functional changes also called coronary artery spasm. The etiology of this disease is not yet entirely clear, some risk factors generally acknowledged include hypertension, diabetes, accumulation of lipid peroxides, oxygen free radicals generated, high triglyceride levels, hypercholesterolemia, low density lipoprotein levels, platelet aggregation, old age, obesity, smoking, genetic factors. Studies shows that there is a close relationship between the balance and disturbance of trace element metabolism and those risk factors related above. Trace elements, also known as trace elements, means any element weighing less than 0.01% of body weight (<0.1mg or 100 ug / g body weight), all of those elements together accounted for 0.05% of body weight around. Although the total amount of trace elements in the body is very small, but they play a remarkable role in human's vital movements. As the in-depth study of trace element metabolism the physiological functions of trace elements have been gradually recognized, understood and emphasized. The relationship of the incidence and development of cardiovascular disease and trace element is one of the most important study topics in the world. In recent years, a lot of researches found that the incidence and development of cardiovascular disease is close related with trace element imbalances or metabolic disorder. Trace elements play an important role in the construction and relaxation of myocardium, cell membrane structure and function, lipid metabolism and stability, the catalysis and blanket of free radicals as well as blood pressure accommodation and blood coagulation.Objective: To investigate the relationship of serum Cu, Zn content and hypertension as well as dyslipidemia in patients with coronary heart disease, we observe the serum Cu, Zn content changes in these patients, further indicates the serum Cu, Zn anomalies in the body, probably provide a theoretical basis and practical value for the early diagnosis and control of the disease.Methods: Coronary artery disease patients are selected 190 cases ,normal control group (group A) contains 186 cases. Subgrouping 190 cases of with coronary artery disease patients based on whether or not accompanied by hypertension and (or) dyslipidemia, simple coronary artery disease group (group B) contains 44 cases, coronary heart disease associated with hypertensive group (group C) contains 48 cases, coronary heart disease with dyslipidemia (group D) contains 48 cases, coronary heart disease associated with hypertension and dyslipidemia group (group E) contains 50 cases. All selected patients were gatherd for 2ml ulnar vein blood the next morning admitted to hospital with an empty stomach (> 8 hours, < 24-hour after admitted). Measuring the following biochemical parameters: Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) by Beckman LX20 U.S. automatic biochemical analyzer. Adop sitting position and measured the brachial artery blood pressure in the right upper arm.Results: The Cu content of serum of coronary heart disease group,the normal group are respectively 12.6997±2.9114umol/L,17.3254±2.0691umol/L,Zn contents are 11.7057±2.8867umol/L,16.3246±2.0972umol/L;The Cu content of serum of group simple CHD,coronary heart disease associated with hypertension, coronary heart disease with dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease associated with hypertension and dyslipidemia are respectively 13.2945±3.6191umol/L,13.1508±3.1949umol/L,13.2608±2.9080umol/L,11.2044±0.8246umol/L, Zn contents are 12.3168±3.5643umol/L,12.1775±3.1376 umol/L,12.2358±2.9165umol/L,10.2048±0.8569umol/L. The results show that levels of serum Cu, Zn of the group coronary heart disease patients are lower than normal group(P<0.05); levels of serum Cu, Zn of the group simple CHD, coronary heart disease associated with hypertension, coronary heart disease associated with dyslipidemia ,coronary heart disease associated with hypertension and dyslipidemia are all lower than normal group(P<0.01); levels of serum Cu, Zn of the group coronary heart disease with hypertension and dyslipidemia are all lower than simple CHD group, coronary heart disease with hypertension, coronary heart disease with dyslipidemia group( P<0.01). levels of serum Cu, Zn of the group coronary heart disease with hypertension, coronary heart disease with dyslipidemia are all lower than simple coronary artery disease group, but there is no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:The reduction of serum copper, zinc content in coronary heart disease patients and it is closely related with hypertension and dyslipidemia,the more cardiovascular risk factors, the more obvious reduction of serum copper, zinc content and can promote the incidence and development of coronary atherosclerosis. If people are able to have a better understanding of the law of copper, zinc content changes and its application in coronary heart disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and then take targeted and positive interventions, we may improve the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. The limitations of our study are : (1) relatively large sampling error resulted from a relatively small number of sample cases. (2) some of the patients with coronary artery disease died the day admitted whose blood Cu, Zn were not acquired in time. Those patients are excluded from the research and this may impact the result. (3) because of obesity are related with blood lipid-related, we did not calculate the body mass index, there may be an unknown impact. The relationship between copper, zinc and cardiovascular disease are complicated,and its precise mechanisms are unclear, expecting further in-depth approach.
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