The Political Analysis And Enlightenment Of China Rural Cooperative Medical Schemes

Of all the problems existing in the development process of China's rural areas, the medical safeguard of peasants is one of the most urgent problems which need to be resolved, and it's also the most direct and realistic social issues which the peasants are concerned.As a basic policy of China's rural medical security for half a century, the research of China's rural cooperative medical scheme is not only a question of economics or hygiene, but also a question of political science and sociology, as it relates to not only the health and development of the peasants, but also the governance of China's rural areas and the fairness and justice of the whole country.This paper bases its analysis mainly on political science research perspective, the public choice theories of Olson and Ostrom as its main theoretical basis, reference to the relevant research achievements of domestic experts and scholars. The main purpose of this paper is to explain the historical fate of China's rural cooperative medical scheme, analyzes the problems which exist in the new rural cooperative medical scheme and explore the trend of its development.The structure of this paper is as follows:1, In the first chapter, the paper explains the causes and significance of its topic, reviews and analyzes the domestic research situation of the rural cooperative medical system, and finally analyzes problems that exist in these research.2,In the second chapter, by listing its main theoretical resources, the paper introduces theories of Olson and Ostrom and summarizes the general theoretical reference significance of these theories in the research of China's rural cooperative medical scheme. There is also the analysis about the problems which may arise in using of these theories in the specific course of research. As an emphasis, there is the comparison between "common-pool resources (CPR)" (the core concept of Ostrom's theory) and the medical resources of China rural cooperative medical system. In this chapter, the paper also lists its main theoretical assumptions.3, In the third chapter, there is the analysis about the historical changes of China's rural cooperative medical scheme, bases on this analysis, further researches were conducted about characteristics of China's rural cooperative medical scheme in different historical stages and the how it changed with external macro-social structure, the historical background about the origin of cooperative medical system and the interaction between the government and society, the self-positioning and policy options of government to provide public goods in rural areas. 4, In chapter IV, this paper analyzes the cause of the decline of traditional cooperation medical scheme and its failure in reconstruction: failures in institutional supply and management.5, In chapter V, the analysis focuses on the new rural cooperative medical scheme, including summarizes its main contents and characteristics and the challenges it faces, discussing problems which exist in the design of the new rural cooperative medical scheme, such as the lack of peasant organizations in self-management, research about the logic of peasant's actions and how it impact the cooperative medical system. At the same time, this chapter also clarifies the significance of community-based health care system, the independent organizations and self-management of the peasants in the rural medical security system.