| New rural cooperative medical scheme (hereinafter referred to as the NRCMS) is a government welfare policy for 900,000,000 farmers to solve their medical problems, and it's welcomed by the rural people since its performance, because it has helped to ease the poverty caused by diseases. Rural people's awareness to get basic medical care has been aroused and they seek medical services initiatively for their sickness. China is still on the primary stage of socialism, inadequate of the national economy maintenance, and the support from national financing to NRCMS is limited. NRCMS is still in the development, so it can only alleviate the financial burden of rural people caused by disease to a certain extent, but can not solve this problem fundamentally. Furthermore, as a result of our long-standing urban-rural dual economic structure, the medical resources are more adequate in the city than in the rural areas, the medical resources allotted in rural areas occupies only 20% of all while the population in this areas is 80% of all the country . In the vast rural areas, it is lack of professional medical personnel and medical equipments, the technical strength is weak, so the seriously sick had to turn to hospitals in urban areas; This article aims to investigate the difficulties of the rural patients hospitalized in urban areas, to explore what problems exist, such as demands of health care and medical services, to analyze the needs of patients on health care and medical services, and tries to give advice on solving the difficulty to seek medical care of rural patients. so can we make strategies to medical institutions to improve the health services, provide recommendations for government to improve their policy.We based our research on the material of the in-patients case,who were recruited on NRCM,and the survey of their demands ,which dated from Jun.2007 to May.2008.In the control team, we selected 60 contemporary in-patient's cases. who had the common disease diagnosis and therapy schedule but had civil medical insurance.Through randomized sampling of 600 NRCMS in-patient's survey of their demands, we built our understanding of their requirement and complaints on the new medical system.Our conclusion is that: Compared with patients enjoying urban medical insurance scheme,rural patients in the urban hospital are in an adverse situation. they must spend their own money to do an advance payment for the treatment. With all the difficulties in the process of hospitalization, they are often forced to give up treatment for financial reasons, unable to receive recovery that should be done.The patients are less educated ,unfamiliar with the hospitalization circumstances, and the lack of the basic knowledge of the new system .They have poor understanding of their disease and little experience of hospitalization outside their inhabitance. So we need to make special service planning, and promote the patient's ability to use the medical system, and help the patients enjoy the most benefits.The difference of the medical resources allocation between rural and urban citizens results in it that the urban patients turn to the provincial hospitals. It can not change the patient's preference, if the cost of medical fees is supplied proportionally by the difference levels of the hospitals. It is the right way to change it, if we improve the rural medical circumstances and more experienced physicians work in the rural site. To build the aid system of in-patients under new rural cooperative medical scheme with the following aspects.To improve the government's responsibility and reinforce the government's macro-control ability, to distribute rationally the health resources in rural areas, to improve the environment of medical treatment for rural patients, to improve the salary of the health personnel, to recruit more medical graduate students to work in the rural areas, and to promote the support from urban areas. To speed up the building of the rural economy and improve rural people's status in social economic life, to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas so that farmers get rich as quickly as possible, and to improve the capacity of rural patients to defend diseases. to improve the new medical system, to design a more reasonable process of submitting expense account of the treatment and to make it easier. With the social economic development and the increase of national income, it will be achieved that every citizen is the same under the social medical welfare.We need to perfect health supervision and management system, in able to strengthen the power of the system. And we also need to standardize the health service and the medical behavior, improve the medical level of rural medical centers, and perfect the medical staff's team to avoid adverse events. And urban medical centers should also be administered intensely to challenge more patients of severe diseases from rural sites.We need to establish the supportive system to arouse the social responsive awareness of the urban medical centers on the admission of rural patients. We need to better the service of urban medical centers and improve the medical level. The medical resources should be allotted properly for the rural patients. We should train the rural medical staffs and improve the medical skills. We need to standardize the medical service and all the medical professionals should have noble spirits and excellent medical skills. We need to provide the most suitable therapy schedule for the rural patients, with the perspective of their economical and detailed condition. The medical circumstances should be harmonized and the patients-doctors relationships should be based on trust. We need to strengthen and perfect the publicity of civil medical service system, and popularize the basic general medical knowledge, and we need to aroused the patient's awareness against disease and promote the whole population's health. It should speed up to establish and perfect the social aid system for the severe disease.
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