| Research Background: To see a doctor is difficult, and to see a doctor is expensive. This is an important problem which exists in health service of our current stage. As a very efficient strategic measure of relaxing this problem, also as a breakthrough of deepening the reform of medical treatment service system, developing urban community health service is the emphasis of urban health task. Since the beginning of 90's of last century, our country began the attempt of urban community health service. In 1997, after the direction of developing urban community health service is brought forward clearly by central government and State Council in decisions on health reform and development, a serious of policy documents are issued by our country and related departments. Urban community health service of our country entered into a rather faster developing stage which is experienced many challenges and difficulties.The orientation and significance of this study: This study oriented to unfold the review, analyzation, and estimate of the Health Service Polices of Urban Community, to provide theoretical foundation for scientific decision-making, and to develop Urban Community Health Service even better. And there are very strong real and theoretical significances in this study as well, for relaxing the public problem that to see a doctor is difficult, and to see a doctor is expensive. Through reviewing on related polices systematically, completely hackling the track of developing Health Service System and policy framework of our country's Urban Community, and comparing with typical countries abroad, this study aims to search and analyze the existing problems in community health service of our country, to provide related measures and suggestions, to provide references for perfecting the police framework and developing strategy of China's community health service, and to relax the important problem that to see a doctor is difficult, and to see a doctor is expensive more efficiently.Contents: Firstly, it was to review the developing history of community health service system and policy framework, and to draw a clear outline of the developing process and regulation of community health service system and policy framework. Secondly, it was to review the policy and topic for discussion of organizing structure, compensation mechanism, operation mechanism, management pattern of community health service institution, and the junction of community health service and policies of medical insurance. Thirdly, it was to summarize and conclude the existing problems, obstacles and conflicts in community health service system and policy framework. Fourthly, it was to estimate policy framework and operational effect of community health service scientifically, to set a strong foundation for completing community health service system and policy framework, and to provide related policies and suggestions. And lastly, analyzing with subjective and objective circumstances of international mature community health service, and combined with civil realization, it was to provide the developing methods and policies and suggestions of community health in different regions of our country.Research Methods: literature analytical methods was taken used into systematically collect research results, books, political documents, and research literature which related with community health service. Comparative Estimate and Structure-Process-Results was taken used into operation effect of community health service and the analyzation and estimate of related policies and topics for discussion. During the process of research, typical research and demonstration were carried out on the development direction of future community health service and policy framework, ect.Results: Firstly, motivations of unfolding urban community health service of our county, which includes changes of medical pattern and health requirement, the aging expedite and changes of disease charts of population, the illogical collocation of health resource, the over-fast rising of medical health fee, the requirement of deepen health reform, and the requirement of establish basic medical insurance for urban employee, ect, were analyzed. Secondly, the related policies of urban community health service were reviewed. Three stages were brought forward: conceive and experimental stage (1990—1999) , framework construction stage( 1999—2005), and complete construction stage(2006 to now). And the policy characteristics of every stage were analyzed systematically. Thirdly, the connotation and character of urban community health service were analyzed. Ten characters of urban community health service of our country: integrity, generality, equity, non-benefit, publiurban and welfare, elementary healthy, sustainablity, programming, linkage systematically, and expend gradually, were provided. Fourthly, the community health service system and related policies and topics for discussion of our country were estimated systematically. This estimation mainly focused on investment and effects of compensation policies of community health service, community health service and medical insurance policies, strategies of community health service team construction, the host organization structure of community health service, the management of community health service, ect. Fifthly, situations of community health service of foreign typical countries were compared with China. Referenced methods were put forward. Lastly, the existing problems and the facing challenges of urban community health service operation of our country were analyzed systematically, and main factors of influencing fulfills of urban community health service function were analyzed as well.Measures and Suggestions: Firstly, to strengthen leadership, complete government behavior, and increase policy support. Secondly, to fasten policy-establishment and lawmaking progressing, and to provide efficient policy and law protection. Thirdly, to increase capital investment, to complete the mechanism of collecting capital and compensation. Fourthly, to strengthen standard management, to complete network construction, and to emphasis cooperation and participate together among departments. Fifthly, to take strict entrance system on community health service institution and personnel, and to complete evaluate standard. Sixthly, to push fully the priority of community and the two direction transfer examination. Seventhly, to strengthen the team construction of persons with ability in community health service. Eighthly, to strengthen the combination with basic medical insurance. Lastly, to strengthen the innovative research, and to explore new patterns of urban community health service.
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