| Chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), is also known as chronic renal failure (CRF)。It is a clinical syndrome that because of renal units seriously suffering from various reasons and glomerular filtration rate sustaining declining, the excretion of metabolic waste and the accommodation of water–electrolyte's and the acid-base's balance are disordered. CRF belongs to Dropsy, Shenfeng, NiDu, Longbi, Guange, Xulao and so on,in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. CRF is a disease which appears at the end of a variety of chronic kidney diseases and contains element failure, Shidu retention, XuShi Mixture and so on. Its is the spleen and kidney deficiency in the virtual, and the failure of yin and yang at the last term, however , Xieshi mainly contains muddy wet, damp heat, water wetlands, blood stasis and so on.In this paper, it is mainly through animal experiment study to discuss and explore the treatment efficiency of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI)by use of Yinsanqi Powder and the mechanism of action, and provide the theoretical basis of the treatment of chronic renal insufficiency.This experiment fed Wistar male rats with adenine, made the rats'model of chronic renal failure. The rats were randomly divided into blank compared group (normal group), the prevention group,the traditional Chinese medicine group (treatment group), coated aldehyde oxystarch group and the pathological group. Apart from the normal group, the remaining rats in each group according to adenine 150mg/kg / day dose will be send to stomach with water for three weeks. The rats in Prevention group besides the daily gavage with adenine, were also fed with Yinsanqi Powder 0.5 grams / 2times/ day, for 21 days.After21 days of feeding the rats in treatment group and pathological group with adenine, the rats in the treatment group with Yinsanqi Powder 0.5 g/ 2times/ day in gavage, the rats in normal group and pathological group were fed with the equivalent water 2 times a day for 30 consecutive days. The rats in Coated Aldehyde group after 21 days of adenine in gavage were given aldehyde oxygen packets of starch suspension (0.25g /ml) 2 milliliters for 30 days. Use blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, 24-hour urine protein, 24-hour urinary retinol-binding protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, blood viscosity, plasma fibrinogen as detec indicators and compared the significant differences in detect indicators of each groups.The experimental results showed that: Yinsanqi Powder can improve the renal function of CRT rats. The indicators of prevention group such as 24hRBP, 24hUPQ, BUN, Scr and so on, were also lower than the coated aldehyde oxystarch group, and had significant differences (P<0.05or0.01).The treatment group of the above-mentioned indicators were also lower than the pathological group, and there were significant differences(P<0.05 or 0.01).The the coated aldehyde oxystarch group is also lower than the above-mentioned indicators pathology group, and had significant differences (P<0.05 or <0.01). Prevention group was also significantly lower than the treatment group (P<0.05 or<0.01).Lipids and hemorheology reflected the renal microcirculation hemoperfusion situation.From the experimental situation, Yinsanqi Powder can improve blood rheology of CRI rats, and more severe the kidney disease was, more higher the blood rheology indicator was. In blood rheology indicator the pathological group was higher than in the coated aldehyde oxystarch group, the pathological group and the coated aldehyde oxystarch group were all higher than the preventive group and treatment group (P<0.05 or 0.01).The treatment group was also higher than in the prevention group in this indicator.Through the above experimental data ,we could see Yinsanqi Powder can protect renal tubular epithelial cells, reduce the amount of urinary protein, enhance albumin level and improve renal function in rats with CRI; The powder can also improve the CRI rats'hemorrheology state, regulate body immune function, delay glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis.Yinxing leaves ,Sanqi,Huangqi in Yinsanqi Powder can improve the renal interstitial fibrosis and improve renal function. Ginkgo leaves'extract can reduce the inflammatory cells in renal interstitial infiltration, and reduce interstitial collagen accumulation in the interstitium , as a result of preventing renal interstitial fibrosis and obvious protective effect to renal function . Sanqi can noticely inhibit renal fibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells of the abnormal proliferation and phenotypic transformation, reduce extracellular matrix deposition, and promote apoptosis of kidney fibroblasts, so it has anti-renal interstitial fibrosis activity. Huangqi has the hydragogue activity ,and has the ability to reduce the amount of urinary protein, and to improve the level of plasma albumin, so as to improve renal function.Huangqi and Sanqi in the prescription play the role of immune regulation . Huangqi itself can reduce the immune function disorder which is caused by glucocorticoid and nephropathy itself, to improve the body resistance to disease, and to enhance the function of humoral immune and cellular immunne, to improve body's ability to remove specific antigen. Sanqi as a immunomodulator involves in the regulation of cytokine expression,has the role of contradicting oxygen free radical and calcium , could recover the disordered immune response to normal, thus has facilitation to treat the glomerular diseases.Yingxing leaves and Sanqi in the prescription both can improve the rats'hemorheology . Sanqi can inhibit platelet aggregation and plasma coagulation to achieve the huoxuehuayu effects. Yingxing leaves by regulating the metabolism and improving microcirculation and so on can slow down the progress of kidney disease. Yinxing leaves'extract can reduce blood viscosity, improve blood coagulation situation, and extend the blood clotting time, inhibit platelet aggregation.
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