Research Application Of PBL (Problem-Based Learning) In Preclinical Experimental Teaching For Medical Students

Education researchers have reached consensus over the problem-based learning (PBL) teaching model which has been applied in many medical schools all over the world. PBL is being widely applied in clinical teaching of domestic medical colleges, since the traditional teaching modes will be easily out of keeping with the preclinical medicine teaching. According to our practice, the first-year medical students on their chemistry experiment course were divided into two groups, compare the characteristics and outcome data of students from a single institution with that from a combined way of problem-based learning (PBL) and traditional model of learning.In this study, we used questionnaires to evaluate the efficacy of PBL teaching in our university.A total of 346 5-year undergraduates who enrolled into the Third Military Medical University in 2004 and 2005 was treated as experimental (n=182) and control groups (n=164). Experimental group used combining PBL and traditional teaching method, while the control group used traditional teaching method. Questionnaire was distributed to both groups. Data were analyzed by the statistical methods, including proportion, std. deviation, t test, x~2 test and Mann-Whitney U test.PBL emphasize the process of learning and the training of student abilities, instead of the teaching of book knowledge only. Studies show that students involved in problem-based learning acquire knowledge and become proficient in problem solving, self-directed learning, and team work. Though there are many advantages in PBL teaching model, at present, there are also some difficulties in the application, in specially in China.Combining PBL and traditional teaching model is an effective way of training the first-year medical undergraduates. It is based on 1principles of adult learning theory, including motivating the students, encouraging them to set their own learning goals, and making them arrange their own learning process. Importantly, students from PBL curriculum seem to have better knowledge retention. The conclusion is that PBL teaching method is more helpful and more effective than traditional teaching method in medical education. According to the study, some suggestions have been given for using PBL teaching method in preclinical experimental teaching.