| The research of stem cell has been one of the warm pots of medical research for the past few years, because of its broad perspective of clinical apph'cation. In 2006 professor Stephen found that after twenty times hyperbaric oxygen treatment the absolute count of peripheral blood stem cells of the patients who received hyperbaric oxygen treatment to avoid radiation-induced xerostomia and caries increased eight-fold, although the over-all circulating white cell count was not significantly increased. This important discovery expanded the clinical application perspective of hyperbaric oxygen treatment further.Now hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is widely used in the treatment of hematonosis, malignant tumor, arterial sclerosis obstruction in the lower limbs. The quantity and quality of hematopoietic stem cells are very important factors which have great effect on peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Now colony stimulating factors or chemotherapy combined with colony stimulating factors is widely used clinically to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells in order to increase the amount of peripheral blood stem cells. The cost of these methods is very expensive usually. Whether these methods could do harm to the donors in the near future or after a long time is not clear yet. Professor Stephen' s discovery provids a new method for us to increase the amount of peripheral blood stem cells. This important discovery also makes people pay close attention to the especial effect of hyperbaric oxygen again. To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on peripheral blood stem cells further and expand the clinical application perspective of hyperbaric oxygen treatment more work which is based on professor Stephen' s important discovery has been done.The objective of our research:1. To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on peripheral blood stem cells in Chinese people.2. To explore the method in which hyperbaric oxygen combined with colony stimulating factors is used to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells.3. To explore the possibility that hyperbaric oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen combined with colony stimulating factors is used to increase the amount of peripheral blood stem cells in the treatment of hematonosis.The methods of our research: 1. Employing routine hyperbaric oxygen treatment project, we observed the level of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of eight patients who had received long-term hyperbaric oxygen treatment. We also observed the level of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of eighteen patients who received hyperbaric oxygen treatment because of nervous system trauma, before and after they received hyperbaric oxygen therapy.2. Thirty Balb/c mice were randomly and medially divided into three groups. HBO Group was exposed to hyperbaric oxygen to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells. HGF Group was injected with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF) to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells. HBO+HGF Group to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells mice that were injected with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF), meanwhile, were exposed to hyperbaric oxygen. Before and after mobilization the gated cell Scal-1/CD34 dual-positive population was examined by flow cytometer.3. Analysis the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on peripheral blood stem cells in Chinese people; analysis the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on peripheral blood stem cells in animal; analysis the effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with colony stimulating factors on peripheral blood stem cells in animal.The results of our research:1. After seven times hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of the patients elevates from (1.87±1.08)×10~6/L to(4.75±4.67)×10~6/L, as 2.54 times as before hyperbaric oxygen therapy. After fourteen times hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of the patients is (2.85±1.94)×10~6/L, as 1.52 times as before hyperbaric oxygen therapy. After twenty times hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of the patients is (3.26±3.49)×10~6/L, as 1.74 times as before hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Compared with the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of eighteen patients who do not receive hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells of eight patients who have received long-term hyperbaric oxygen treatment does not show statistics difference.2. In HBO Group after mobilization the gated cell Scal-1/CD34 dual-positive population is as 2.01 times as before hyperbaric oxygen therapy. In HGF Group after mobilization the gated cell Scal-1/CD34 dual-positive population is as 2.66 times as before injection. In HBO+HGF Group after mobilization the gated cell Scal-1/CD34 dual-positive population is as 3.76 times as before action. The conclusions of our research:1. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can mobilize peripheral blood stem cells. After seven times, fourteen times and twenty times hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells respectively elevates to 2.54 times, 1.52 times and 1.74 times according to before action.2. After long-term hyperbaric oxygen exposure, the absolute count of the peripheral blood CD34~+ cells is not changed.3. HBO combined with hematopoietic growth factors could mobilize peripheral blood stem cells more efficiently.
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