| Objective: To establish the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) animal models with adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats and further to explore the role of IL-23, IL-17 and Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of AA, which may provide a new understanding of the pathogenesis and therapy of RA.Method: Eighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into control and model groups, administrated by intradermal injection of 0.1 ml normal saline and 0.1 ml complete Freund's adjuvant, respectively. All rats were killed at d 21 after experiment. The ankle joints were prepared for the histopathologic study and the levels of IL-23,IL-17 in the serum and spleen cell culture supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ) method.Result: In model group, an immediate swelling presented in the injection sites after modeling, and a secondary joint swelling appeared in right feet and claws with progressive aggravation, some rats had arthritic nodes in their ears and tails. Pathological changes showed proliferative synovitis in AA rats joints at day 21. Moreover, compared with control group, the levels of IL-23 in model group were obviously higher in the serum and spleen cell culture supernatant (P﹤0.05 and P﹤0.01, respectively) ; and IL-23 concentrations in the supernatant were significantly higher in the model group after PHA stimulation (P﹤0.01). The model group had a higher serum IL-17 level compared to the controls (P﹤0.01);The levels of IL-17 in the spleen cell culture supernatant between two groups were no significant difference, but we found there was a pronounced higher level of IL-17 in the spleen cell culture supernatant after PHA stimulation than that in control group (P﹤0.01).Conclusion: IL-23 and IL-17 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of the AA and the Th17 cells related to IL-23 and IL-17 maybe involve in the process of chronic inflammation of AA.
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