The Mathematic Model, Emulator And Realization In Emergency Hemostasia Training System

It is reported that half the wounded are dead during an hour from injury to death in unexpected incident and spontaneous disaster. The 30%-60% death under shield are due to serious hemorrhage in the second world war, and half could be retrievalled. However, the wounded are dead before delivering to cure organization because of serious hemorrhage. It is indicated that efficient hemostasia is one key factor in order to reduce death under shield ratio.In badly war surroundings, it isn't assured of efficiency of self and mutual cure, so, casualty ratio would increase, and first aid knowledge should be popularized by the first aid training. However, the manufactures of war emergency cure aren't designed, and the training means are behindhand, also the practice isn't suit for soldiers, and manipulation ability is weak. An emergency training system should be designed aiming at battle specialty. The system would improve the short of homeostasis part, and the homeostasis skill would be improved.At present, a rough arm exists in emergency homeostasis training of medical training manikin. The blood pressure parameters aren't quantitated and displayed dynamically. This research would settle the simulation of blood pressure and flux. The veritable operation would be offered.Hemostasia simulating system had practical meaning as follows: Medical simulating training which aimed at inferior war environment and wound character was for students; Intelligent testing and evaluating equipment which aimed at developing emergency equipment were provided; The ability of curing artery bleeding which was for police, hotel waiter and medical staff was improved evidently.The control project was the key point in this research. First, the hemostasis training equipment was established according to the blood circulation system theory and Westerhof model theory; Second, the transfer function was designed by means of system time field. The controller was designed. The Matlab numerical simulation was carried out. The controlling parameters were optimized; At last, MCU system was designed by C8051F330. The pressure signal collection and A/D transfer were realized successfully. The four uniting valve was controlled by PID arithmetic. As a result, humerus artery pressure was simulated. The contents of this research were as follows:1. The origin and signification were introduced first. Blood circulation system was narrated, every parameter, the blood pressure forming mechanism and infecting factors were analyzed; Emergency hemostasis training simulating system was absent, the relative research which involved medical simulating education development, cardio-blood vessel system model, and total artificial heart was described. In the end, the main contents were narrated.2. The mathematic function of ecto-simulating circulating equipment was designed. Cardio-blood vessel system odd elastic cavity model was analyzed, ecto-circulation simulating experiment was designed according to mathematic model. The open signal liquid loop framework which was parallel to elastic cavity model made up of conformable organ, inertial organ and resistant organ was established.The study object was assured, the character of controlling object was analyzed: The locomotive perfect equation was difficult to build because of the complexity of blood circulation system; Simulating blood circulating system had flowing character. Parameters of blood flow resistance, capacity, speed, et.al were orderless; Model component had its own localization. Therefore, mathematic model were hard to be erected. Four uniting valve model would be set up, blood pressure and quantity were controlled by the valve switch combination following input standard humerus artery pressure. Four uniting valve open degrees were designed by binary system. Basing on the consistency, four uniting valve was continual system, and analyzed by transfer function method.3. The control design contained open control system and closed control system. In the open control system, as the humerus artery pressure curve was similar to sinusoid, sinusoid was quantified by Matlab-simulink. Sampling time was chosen. According to the pressure range (60～140mmHg) and four uniting valve open degree and time, 16 states were obtained. In the closed control system, as of the PID control principle, four uniting valve was supposed to continual system and time-delay wasn't considered. According to the PID control and function relation of quadric system, parameters were resolved by enactmenting setting time and overshoot. The result was ideal.Open control and closed control emulation were carried out. In the open control emulation experiment, control curve was effective to track humerus artery pressure curve, but it was delayed. In the closed control emulation experiment, the control object was quantified and the region was restricted for the discontinuous system of four uniting valve's 16 combinatorial states. Control curve was better than that of the open control emulation. If the 64 combinatorial states were carried out, the following curve was much more better.4. The experimental machine was brought to trial-manufacture and debug. In the course of trial-manufacture, the circuit was designed, then the software design (including digital PID control algorithm and upper computing man-machine conversation interface) was realized and the model was constructed. During the debug, the results of the experiments were listed.