Anti-tumor Studies Of Cactus Pear Fruit Polysaccharide In Vivo And In Vitro

Polysaccharide components from some traditional Chinese medicine have certain antitumor effects and can promote immune responses.The extraction from cactus pear fruit can inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells,ovary cancer cells and bladder cancer cells,and suppress the growth of ovarian cancer in mice.OBJECTIVE:This study was to observe the anti-tumor effects of cactus pear fruit polysaccharide in vivo and in vitro.METHODS:1.Experimental methods in vitro:â‘ The inhibitory effects of cactus pear fruit polysaccharide(CPFP)on the growth of HEPG-2,SKOV3, HCC-LM3,SGC7901,and LO2 cell lines in vitro were evaluated by MTT.â‘¡The apoptosis rate was evaluated by FCM.â‘¢P53 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR.â‘£P53 protein expression was detected by Western blot. 2.Experimental methods in vivo:â‘ The inhibitory effect of CPFP on the growth of S₁₈₀in mice was observed and the inhibitory rate was calculated.â‘¡The effect of CPFP on the index of thymus and spleen in mice with S₁₈₀tumor was observed.The effect of CPFP on the proliferation of lymphocyte was assayed by MTT.â‘¢Superoxide dismutase(SOD),maleic dialdehyde(MDA),and nitrogen monoxidum(NO)were assayed by colorimetry.â‘£Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultra-changes of tumor tissue.⑤Tumor tissue was dyed by HE stain and pathological changes were observed by light microscope,the protein expressions of P53,Bax,VEGF in tumor tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:1.The results in vitro showed that:â‘ The inhibitory effects of CPFP on HEPG-2,SKOV3,HCC-LM3 and SGC7901 are lower than 5-FU.â‘¡The apoptosis rates of control group,CPFP(0.625mg/ml)group,and CPFP(2.500mg/ml)group were 9.76%,19.77%,and 34.12%respectively.â‘¢P53 mRNA expression and its protein expression in CPFP-treated groups were decreased.2.The results in vivo showed that:â‘ CPFP would inhibit the growth of S₁₈₀in mice.The inhibitory rates in CPFP low dosage group,CPFP middle dosage group,CPFP high dosage group,and CTX group were 7.78%,31.13%, 49.70%,and 61.07%respectively.â‘¡Compared with control,CPFP high dosage group and CPFP middle dosage group could increase the indexes of thymus in mice with S₁₈₀tumor and stimulate lymphocyte proliferation significantly.â‘¢Compared with control,CPFP high dosage group and CPFP middle dosage group could decrease the levels of MDA and NO significantly.Whereas,these two groups of CPFP could increase the activity of SOD significantly.â‘£CPFP could induce the apoptosis of tumor cells.Under the transmission electron microscopy,changes of condensed chromatin at margins of nucleus,disintegrated nucleolus and vacuoles in cytoplasm could be observed in CPFP-treated groups.⑤Compared with control,CPFP high dosage group and CPFP middle dosage group could increase Bax protein expression and decrease VEGF protein expression,All the three groups of CPFP could decrease P53 protein expression significantly.CONCLUSION:The results suggest the CPFP can inhibit the tumor growth. The apoptosis induction,antioxidative and immune responses promotion may account for the anti-tumor effects of cactus pear fruit polysaccharide.