| Background Breast cancer is one of the most frequent female malignant tumors. In the long history of breast cancer treatment, the extent of operating unceasingly has been enlarged,but the survival rate had not been increased. For this reason, it is an important issue in breast cancer therapy to search an effective clinical treatment to improve prognosis of breast cancer patients.Nowadays, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which is raised by clinic, made a big breakthrough in breast cancer partial treatment progression. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can minified volume of tumor and lymphatica, decreased the rate of progression of disease and benefits further breast, improved the infiltration condition around tumor, decreased tumor cell force and disminished micrometastasis part. It can elevate the feasibility of operation, decreased the disseminateion during the operation, metastasis after operation, eliminated deuto-clinical focus of infection, and reduced the relapsing potentiality. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy became adjunctive therapy in breast tumor therapy.In recent years, thermotherapy became a new method of tumor therapy following the by operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Thermotherapy is a method which uses heat effect produced by physico-energy accumulated in tissues to make the temperature of tumor tissues increase to effective therapic temperature so that kill the tumor cells and keep the normal cell undamaged. Research demonstrated that there is a synergy between thermotherapy and chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with thermotherapy became a new method in clinical therapy.Angiogenesis makes an important role in process of solid tumor. Growth and metaptosis of solid tumor depends on the formation of new vessels. MVD of tumor has been widely used to measure the growth degree of tumor. Its index is related to the extent of infiltration, relapsing and metaptosis of tumor. Some literature reports revealed that MVD can be seen as independent index of prognostic tumor . VEGF is one involving the most important cell factors of new vessels induced by tumor. It is a specific stimulating factor of vascular endothelial cell and can promote the proliferation and fission of endothelium and new vascularization . It also can induce mitosis of vascular endothelial cell by selectivity and stimulate the permeability of small vessels. At the same time, it extravasates blood macromolecules to deposit in extravascular groundmass so that it provides nutrition and necessary groundmass for establishment of new vascular net. And it causes VEGF changes of extracellular matrix as well to make profit of formation of new metastasis in proper micro condition. Objective To study the effect of neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy on MVD, VEGF in patients with breast cancer, and to observe the effect of neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy to breast cancer, furthermore, to explore the clinical significance of neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.Methods Measuring the changing of patients'breast tumor and calculating clinical remission rate. Then, using immunohistochemistry and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) to detect the microvessel density(MVD) and the level of serum vascuiar endotheliai cell growth factor (VEGF) in 20 breast cancer patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 20cases underwent neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy, and 20 cases in control group respectively.Results①The total effective rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy group's effert is 70%, and the effective rate of lymphoid node's effert is 65%; the total effective rate of neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy group's effert is 80%, and the effective rate of lymphoid node's effert is 75%;there are no obvious difference beteen two groups(P>0.05).②Comparing with the control group, the number of MVD decreases significantly after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (47.44±13.34 /HP vs 81.74±17.60 /HP, P<0 . 05). comparing with the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and control group, the level of MVD decreases significantly after neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy (26.75±5.95/HP vs 47.44±13.34/HP,81.74±17.60/HP,P<0.05).③Comparing with the control group, the level of serum VEGF decreases significantly in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy group (315.27±154.53 pg/ml vs 156.31±53.34 pg/ml,P<0.05;307.88±156.12 pg/ml vs 150.35±47.05 pg/ml,P<0.05). There are no significant difference of serum VEGF between neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy group and neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (P>0.05).Conclusions①Both of neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy can step down the clinical stage.②Both of the level of serum VEGF and the number of MVD decrease after neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Comparing with the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, the number of MVD decreases significantly in hyperthermia combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy group. The neoadjuvant thermo-chemotherapy may play a more significant role in the treatment of breast cancer.
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