Investigation Of The Development And The Apoptosis Of The Embryonic Mouse Olfactory Epithelium

Background:The olfactory is the important sensory organ for mammalian,as well as the visual sense,the auditory sense.It is a special structure for human to capture surrounding message.It can indentify the odour,discern circumstance and promote appetite and so on.Otherwise,it can affect human emotion and adjust life cycle by central nervous system.The sensitive olfactory is absolutely necessary to special occupation,such as the gastrologist,doctor,fire-fighter etc.Then,the olfactory recetor neurns are uniqueness neurns which expose to surrounding and facility to be hurt.Frank ME reported that the morbility of the permance dysosmia is 1.2%.The temporality dysosmia is 62.4%.As the objectively examination is deficiency and the genesis mechanism of dysosmia is not clear.The dysosmia is not cured effectively.This research will utilize immunohistochemical method and the Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling techniques to detect the development of the mouse olfactory epithelium.It perhaps provides a new path to treat the dysosmia.Object:This research is expected to detect and compare the expression and the value of the neuro-special endolase(NSE),the olfactory marker protein(OMP)and the apoptotic cells in the mouse olfactory epithelium of the different embryomic stages. The immunohistochemical method and the Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling techniques(TUNEL)were used.we expect to explore the developmental process of the mammal olfactory epithelium.Method:Embryonic mice were sacrificed by decapitation in defferent embryomic stages.The embryonic tissues were dissected out and fixed by immersion in 4% paraformaldehyde.The expression condition of NSE,OMP were examined by immunohistochemical method in the different embryomic stages from 13th day to the 21th day.TUNEL was applied to detect apoptotic cells of olfactory epithelium in the different embryomic stages,the apoptotic index was expressed for x±s.The statistic data of the apoptotic index was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test(P＜0.05)using the software systat version 10.0.Result:In embryonic 13th day,There were positive cells of NSE in the olfactory epitheliu.From E13 to E21,The positive cell of NSE increased and gradually stabilized.Otherwise,the positive cells of OMP were observed since E14 and the quantity was few.In E13 there was no the OMP-positive cell in olfactory epithelium.The noticeable increasing in number of OMP-positive neurons was observed in the olfactory epithelium with embryonic development.In E17,the quantity of OMP-positive neurons reached the peak.Afterward,quantity of OMP-positive neurons reached stabilization.The apoptotic process in the olfactory epithelium was observed form E13 to E21.In E13,the number of apoptotic cells was few and the AI was low.In E14,the number of apoptotic cells increased.A massive wave of cell death was evidenced in E16 and finally decreased to low levels at E19.Afterward,few apoptotic figures were observed and the apoptotic index in E20,E21 was very low.The apoptotic index of E16 was obviously defferentance from others by Kruskal-Wallis test(P＜0.05).The defferentance of the AI between the others was not obvious(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Olfactory receptor neurns of mousefetuses has begun since E13.But in this differentiated stage,the olfactory receptor neurns are immature.In E14,the mature Olfactory receptor neurns emerge and the quantity is few.With the increasing of embryonic days,the number of the mature Olfactory receptor neurns increases.To E21,the olfactory epithelium has been mature.The apoptotic process takes part in the development of the mouse olfactory epithelium.The apoptosis is a active process in the development of the mouse olfactory epithelium and the effect of the apoptosis is important.