| Background & ObjectiveBreast cancer is a common malignancy tumor which severely threatens the health of women in the west Europe and the North America,and the incidence of this disease is increasing in our country,especially in those developed areas and some big cities.The incidence rate of breast cancer ranks the first or second among malignancies in women.In the recent years,the mortality rate of breast cancer in women in Cixi city has rapidly increased based on the monitoring data,the mortality of breast cancer was 3.52 of one hundred thousand from 1995 to 2004,the standard rate was 3.29 of one hundred thousand,and the mortality of 2004 increased 205 fold when compared with that of 1995.In this study,the risk factors of the breast cancer in women in Cixi City were investigated using case-control study method,and our purpose was to provide helpful information for studying the cause of breast cancer in Cixi City,and for establishing efficiency measurements for disease prevention and control.Materials & Methods1:1 paired case-control study was used.Patients were suffered from breast cancer diagnosed by city hospital before April 1,2006,and controls were healthy people without related diseases,the age,gender,and the residence were similar between patients and controls.The 1:1 paired case-control study was adopted.Both patients and controls have lived in Cixi more than ten years.The unified questionnaire for resident health was made,and it was investigated in advance of investigation.The object was visited by investigator who was trained and passed the examination,and the related information of patients and controls were collected according to the questionnaire and handbook for investigator.The primary content of questionnaire: eating habit and food,lifestyle and habits(tea drinking,alcohol consuming and smoking),heredity and history of disease,psychology,female circadian and bearing,body corporeity.All the data Obtained by investigation was inputted into computer by two persons,and the database was established,then the data was analyzed using related software after checkout.The data of case-control study was analyzed using single-variable logistic regression with spss 13.0 software for windows,and the value of OR,95%confidence interval,and P value were calculated.The OR value of the factors with significant statistic correlation were adjusted using multi-variable logistic regression model.ResultsThe results of the present study using single-variable analysis indicated that the risk of breast cancer decreased remarkably when ate more food such as fish and prawns,vegetables like dasheen and potato,banana,orange,watermelon,and grape.The multiple-variable analysis indicated that eating pomfret(OR=0.38,95% CI.0.17-0.84),dried small shrimps(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.12-0.66),and dried fruit(earthnut,melon seeds)(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.15-0.87)were negatively related to the occurrence of breast cancer.Eating mould food(OR=4.14,95%CI:0.93-18.43) and high sugar intake(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.15-1.79)could increase the risk for breast cancer.The single-variable analysis suggested that smoking could markedly increase the risk for breast cancer(OR=1.83,95%CI:1.18-2.86),and the multiple-variable analysis presented that the breast cancer risk decreased notably in people who drinking tap water,especially filtrated tap water(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.06-0.98),(OR=0.03,95% CI:0.00-0.28).The history of malignancies in parents was different significantly between patients and controls,and the OR value was 2.08,P=0.04,and it was still a risk factor(OR=4.0,95%CI:1.27-12.65)when other factors were fixed.Five factors among psychological factors were related to the occurrence of breast cancer,and they were:enjoying jollification,liking quiet,worrying about family problems,the inspirit was oppressed or hurt;however,being satisfied with the status of family was negatively related to the occurrence of breast cancer,and the OR values were 1.99,1.85,1.70,3.00,2.75 and 0.48,respectively.Worrying about family problems was still correlated with breast cancer when other factors were regulated, and their OR value was 2.05(95%CI:0.98-4.31).In the female physiological and generational factors,induced abortion(OR=2.38, 95%CI:1.09-5.20)and oral contraceptive(OR=7.65,95%CI:1.89-30.95)were correlated with breast cancer,but the lactation(OR=0.26,95%CI:0.06-1.18)was negatively correlated with the occurrence of breast cancer.The results of multi-variable analysis suggested that the occupation of farmer was one of the risk factors of breast cancer(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.02-5.95).ConclusionsThe study suggests that the occurrence of breast cancer in Cixi city may be related to the synthetic action by food and drinks,psychology,physiology and bearing,family history and so on.Passive smoking,induced abortion,oral contraceptive,enjoying jollification,liking quiet,worrying about family problems,and the inspirit was oppressed or hurt were risk factors of breast cancer.However,Eating more fish and shrimp,being satisfied with the status of family,drinking tap water or filtrated tap water,and lactation were the protective factors against breast cancer. |
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