Effects Of Artesunate On Apoptosis And Transferrin Receptor Of Human Acute Leukemia Primary Cells

Objective:To explore the effect of Artesunate(Art)on human acute leukemia primary cells and its mechanism so as to provide basis for treating acute leukemia.Methods:Eighteen patients of acute leukemia were divided tow groups:initial group and drug resistant relapsing group.Under condition of sterile operation, bone marrow for the mononuclear-cells was gotten from the posterior superior iliac spine.The mononuclearcells were cultured in vitro,when the cells grew into log phase,they were used for experiment,and the final concentration was set to 1×10~5/ml.Four groups were established:blank control group,Art groups(50μg/ml,25μg/ml,12.5μg/ml).After cultured for 48 hours,the cells were collected.After Annexin V / PI double labeling,the apoptosis of the primary cells of acute leukemia was detected by flow cytometry;After labeled by CD71,the rate of positive primary acute leukemia cells expressing transferrrin receptor was also detected by flow cytometry.Results:The apoptosis rate of primary acute leukemia cells treated with Art elevated in dose-dependent manner,and the initial group was more sensitive than the relapsing group.The initial group apoptosis rates of Art 50μg/ml, 25μg/ml and 12.5μg/ml were 46.30%,37.15%,23.45%,while the relapsing group inhibition rates of Art 50μg/ml,25μg/ml and 12.5μg/ml were 32.77%,25.53 %,16.23%;Artesunate obviously decreased the rate of positive primary acute leukemia cells expressing transferrin receptor in dose-dependent manner,and the initial group was more sensitive.The initial group expressing rates of Art 50μg/ml,25μg/ml and 12.5μg/ml were 28.11%,39.15%,47.25%,while the relapsing group inhibition rates of Art 50μg/ml,25μg/ml and 12.5μg/ml were 32.77%,43.78%,59.05%;The Art groups were significantly different as compared to the blank control groups(P＜0.05),the initial group were significantly different as compared to the relapsing group(P＜0.05),and the defferent dose Art groups had significantly differences between each others.Conclusion:In vitro,Artesunate can induce apoptosis,and decreased the rate of positive primary acute leukemia cells expressing transferrin receptor. Artesunate is more efficient to initial acute leukemia,and it can treat acute leukemia efficiently.