| Infectious diarrheal diseases is one of an important global public health problem today. In the world every year there are 1.5 to 2 million children die from diseases or complications related with diarrhea .China is a developing country. She has relatively weak economic foundation and a vast territory and large population, and imbalances between different regions. Although in the past half-century the nation have done a lot of fruitful work with diet, environment and water, as a kind of acute infectious disease, so far infectious diarrhea is still a group of diseases that has topmost incidence and most widely transmission and affects the lives and production of the masses most commonly. Rotavirus, Calicivirus, ADV and Astrovirus are considered to be important pathogeny causing diarrhea, however, reports about enterovirus leading to infectious diarrhea are seldom seen. In order to prevent and cure children's diarrhea, it is necessary to research the relationship between enterovirus infection and children's diarrhea, and it will provide evidence on diagnosis and theropy .1. The epidemiological investigation on children diarrhea: The Hunchun City Hospital is the state statutory monitoring locality of children diarrhoeal diseases .We selected 159 children diarrhea stool specimens of the hospital from June 2006 to April 2007, collected and transported by regular method, to find out the epidemiology trait of children's diarrheaBy analyzing the distribution of age, sex and season, we can make these conclusions: in the 159 cases, 7-12 month old children's attack rate is the highest , and it decends with the increasing of months. On sex distributing, boys take 65% and are much more than girls, who take only 35%. The rate is relatively high during October and January of next year, decending in February, and sharply increasing in March. They are consistent with the basic epidemiological characteristics of children viral diarrhea .2. The study on etiology of children diarrhea: It is now confirmed that meningitis, myocarditis , asymptomatic fever, pleural pain, typeâ… diabetes, all are closely related with non-polio enterovirus (NPEV). In order to explore whether the virus NPEV is one of the important pathogens that results in children diarrhea, we collected 25 cases of children with diarrhea from paediatrics of the first Hospital of Jilin University and the hospital of QianGuo City, then made fractional cultivation, reverse transcriptase -- Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification for the virus, at last tested the genome sequence and type identification for the virus.After cell culture and virus isolation, 11 cases carried out a cell disease (CPE) within 3-4 days, 9 cases did within 5-12 days, 5 cases without a CPE. Our study selected the conservative sequence of intestinal virus VP1 as primer, and synthesized a pair of intestinal virus universal primer with a high sensitivity aiming at VP1 District. After RT-PCR reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis test, we finally gained a wild strain of intestinal virus.In order to make clear the type of this wild strain of intestinal virus, we did its sequencing, and compared this wild virus strain with other isolated virus strains , and analysised the strain's status in the intestinal virus phylogenetic tree .The results revealed that the wild strain had high similarity with the virus VP1 coding region of the four strains of intestinal virus CVA10, CVA6, CVA4, CVA3 ,especially got highest similarity with CVA10 .At the same time we found that the strains of the virus also had certain nucleotide sequence variations, and was displayed similarly to CVA10 in phylogenetic tree . The result was coincidence with the virus VP1 coding genes analysis. Therefore, we concluded that the wild virus strain was a pathogenic strain, which came from CVA10 gene mutation under certain conditions.Therefore, we can come to the conclusion: Intestinal virus can lead to the occurrence of children viral diarrhea, and is one of the important pathogens of children diarrhea.
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