| Although Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague, a kind of natural planta medica,has been widely used in the Tibetan district in China to treat anemia, there is no report on its effect on blood enriching. To develop an ideal medicine resource for anemia and promote the value of Incarvilea younghusbandii Sprague in use, we prepared the extracts of the root of Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague. And then,using Dang-Gui-Bu-Xue Decoction as the drug of positive control group, we used mice with one of the four types of anemia which was induced by single pathopoietic factor as the model, they are blood loss anemia, hemolytic anemia and the ones damaged by chemicals and radiation, to simulate the symptom, and evaluated the active ingredient of Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague for preliminary screening on hematopoietic related biological activities such as the weight, hemogram of blood circulation(RBC,WBC and Hb),the coefficients of the thymus and spleen, and the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow, to investigate the effect of the prepared ingrediats on every type of anemia. The result showed that the ethanol extract of the root had remarkable effects on not only protecting immune organs from shrink or pathological changes and enhanceing extramedullary hematopoiesis, but also stimulate the nucleated cells in bone marrow to cleavage and proliferate actively, in order to improve the level of hemagram in blood circulation and fulfil its mission of blood enriching.It is indicated that the mechanism of action on the blood enriching is the same one in different types of anemia, that is, the active material or its metabolic product in the body has the ability of acting as signaling molecules or their analogs to enhance the hematopoietic function and improve hemopoietic microenvironment, therefore, it is nessasery to select one or two factors or their combination to constrct the model in the following experiments.Due to the situation that there is no imformation about the ethnical usage and the dose of Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague, refered to the related articles, we chose the anemic model combined by hemolysis and chemical damage, and continued to screen the optimal concentration of extractant and dosage according to the physiological indexes which were adopted in the previous experiment, in order to discuss the type of the active material after further segregation. The result showed that the active ingredients dissolve themselves more in the 95% ethanol than other concentration, and its best dose is the middle one, that is 346.5mg/kg.d.From the basis of the above tests, we divided the 95% ethanol extract into two parts, the hydrophilic part and the crude flavones, by extraction with acetic ether. And then the active ingredients were ascertained to dissolve in the hydrophilic part of 95% ethanol extract, and supposed to be glycoside after our discussion.Some tests were also performed to investigate the mechanism of hematopoietic promoting function of the hydrophilic part in the 95% ethanol extract, such as proliferation test of bone marrow nucleated cells, CFU-S and CFU-GM assay, secretion test of hematopoiesis related cytokine(CSFs).It is showed that the mechanism of action of the active ingredients was focused on significantly promoting the proliferation of the nucleated cells in bone marrow, enhancing the expression and secretion of the colony stimulating factors, retaining the number of haemopoietic stem/progenitor cells and stimulating their proliferation, protecting hemopoietic microenvironment, and at last, hemagram in the blood circulation of mice would be improved,and the whole body would recovery as soon as possible.Our research confirmed the effect of the extraction from Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague on anemia in order to search for an ideal traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of anemia and offer a theoretical support for further research on Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague.
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