Establishment Of The Database For Results Of Antimicrobial Resistance Of Shigella, S. Typhi And S. Paratyphi

ObjectiveRelying on the national surveillance system of shigellosis, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, a database for the results of antimicrobial resistance of Shigella, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi will be established to reveal the antimicrobial resistance status and provide scientific evidence for the cure of the diseases, and also improve the capacity for disease control and emergency response.MethodsThe Ministry of Public Health released the national surveillance project on shigellosis, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Aug, 2005. Following this project, the Shigella, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi were isolated, identified, susceptibility tested, and the data was submitted to Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The project also prescribed the uniform experimentation, quality control method, reagent, etc. All the lab assistants had received the training by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Disc diffusion test (K-B) was carried out, following the CLSI methods. Data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software. Results739 Shigella isolates and 3 serotypes were separated from national shigellosis surveillance system in 2005, S.flexneri was common that accounted for 75.5% of all Shigella isolates, the next was S.sonnei, 24.4%, only 1 strain of S.dysenteriae was separated. The resistant rates to tetracycline and ampicillin were very high that were over 90.0%, the resistant rate to cefotaxime was the lowest, only 6.1%. The multiple-antibiotic-resistance was quite serious, and the resistant rate to four and above four antimicrobials was 84.7%. In 2006, 667 Shigella isolates and 3 serotypes were separated, S.flexneri accounted for 67.0% of all Shigella isolates, the next was S.sonnei, 32.4%, only 4 strains of S.dysenteriae were separated. The resistant rates to tetracycline and ampicillin were also very high that were over 85.0%, the resistant rate to cefotaxime was still the lowest. The resistant rate to four and above four antimicrobials was 62.1%.360 Salmonella isolates and 2 serotypes were separated from national typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever surveillance system in 2005, S.typhi accounted for 27.5% of all Salmonella isolates and S.paratyphi A was 72.5%. The resistant rate to nalidixic acid was 87.7%, and the resistant rates to other antimicrobials were lower than 10.0%. The multiple-antibiotic-resistance in Salmonella isolates was not serious, and the resistant rate to four and above four antimicrobials was 2.8%. In 2006, 401 Salmonella isolates and 3 serotypes were separated, S.typhi accounted for 31.4% of all Salmonella isolates and S.paratyphi A was 68.3%, 1 strain of S.paratyphi B was separated in Guizhou province. The resistant rate to nalidixic acid was 73.6%, and the resistant rates to other antimicrobials were lower than 6.0%. The resistant rate to four and above four antimicrobials was only 0.5%.ConclusionThe antimicrobial resistance in Shigella isolates was serious, and cefotaxime is the better to cure shigellosis in the clinic. However, the antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates was not serious, and the resistant rates to most antimicrobials were very low. There were some differences of resistance in different subtypes and different provinces. The monitoring on subtypes and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi should be continuous, so as to understand the pathogeny timely and control the diseases pertinently.This study obtained the information of antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates and Salmonella isolates, it provided scientific evidence for the cure of the diseases, and also improved the capacity for disease control and emergency response.