| Objective: Through obsevering the change of contents of endothelin and nitric oxide in the blood and femoral artery tissues of rabbit model of alcohol-induced Osteonecrosis of the femoral head and in the blood of patient admitted alcoholic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Observing the changes of histopathology, to investigate the possible effects of NO and ET on the alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head so as to provided the theoretical support to therapy osteonecrosis by the nitric oxide donor and ET antagonist.Methods: Animal model experiment: 60 mature New England rabbits of 6 month age were chosen, regardless of sex, which weighted between 0.5-1kilograms.The rabbits were randomly divided into two groups,each group consists of 30 rabbits.Group A (experimental group) was administered the distill spirit (55% v/v)(10ml/kg/d), and Group B (control group) conducted the same amount of normal-sodium (NS)respectively.10 animal of each group were killed in batches in the eighth week, the sixteenth week,and the twenty-fouth week.Detected indexes as followed: the change of histology in the femoral head, the level of endothelin(ET) and nitric oxide (NO) in serum and femoral artery tissues.Clinic experiment: 20 Patient who has been admitted osteonecrisis of the femoral head by CT were chosen as the experimental group, regardless of sex, age from 30-50 year old,excluding intaking hormones,anti-carcinoma drugs, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory agent(NSAIA) and diabetes ,trauma et al,having drinking wine history about 5-10years ,20 clinic patient which have been excluded the osteonecrosis of femoral head by CT were chosen as the control group, Blood sample in empty stomach condition was taken in batches to detect the content of NO and ET .The data about NO,ET were denoted as mean±standard deviation,All of the data were satistically analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 software.Results: Animal model experiment: 1 The conditions of rabbits : In the control group their shapes of femoral head were normal.In experimental group: In eighth week, the cartilage of the femoral head lost its brightness, in the sixteenth week, the cartilage of the femoral head become soft,the cartilage of the femoral head were destroyed. 2 Histology In eighth week, in experimental group,trabecula of bone become thinner,the nucelus of osteocyte is triangle or meniscus. the number of vacant bone lacuna is 12.00±3.20%.There was no differrence between two groups after 8weeks (p>0.05). In control group , osteoblast was in activeness,the trabecular pattern was in well-arranged and well-stacked,osteocyte can be seen in sight,the nucelus of osteocyte is round or orbicular-ovate, lying in the center of the cell, no pycnosis. In the sixteenth week,in experimental group,trabecula of bone become thinner obviously,the nuclear stick to bone lacuna tightly, peripheralization of nuclear is more obvious,the number of vacant bone lacuna is (25.20±4.60)%.There was differrence between their quantities of empty osteocyte lacuna between two groups after 16 weeks (p<0.05). In control group ,osteoblast was in activeness,the trabecular pattern was in well-arranged and well-stacked, osteocyte can be seen,the nuclear of osteocyte is round or orbicular-ovate, lying in the center of the cell, no pycnosis. In the twenty-fouth week osteocyptes had degeneration signs, and empty osteocyte lacuna in the trabeculae increased obviously [(50.80±7.30)%] and trabecula became thinner, decreased, ruptured ,accompanied with bone resorption. There was significant differrence between two groups (p<0.05). In control group ,osteoblast was in activeness,the trabecular pattern was in well-arranged and well-stacked,osteocyte can be seen in sight,the nuclear of osteocyte is round or orbicular-ovate, lying in the center of the cell, no pycnosis,the number of vacant bone lacuna is 13.80±3.52%.3 The comparision of NO in serum and femoral artery. In experimental control,the content of NO in serum is (34.62±6.03)μmol/l,(24.87±2.04)μmol/l ,(17.50±2.14)μmol/l in the eighth week,the sixteenth week,the twenty-fouth week , versus it is (49.42±3.47)μmol/l, (51.30±1.29)μmol/l, (50.71±1.78)μmol/l in control group. In experimental group, the content of NO in femoral artery tissue is (3.86±0.20)μmol/mg, (3.38±0.19)μmol/mg, (2.79±0.26)μmol/mg in the eighth week, in the sixteenth week ,in the twenty-fouthweek, versus it is (7.65±0.60)μmol/mg, (7.74±0.68)μmol/mg, (7.51±0.53)μmol/ mg in control group. There was signifacant differrence between two groups in the eighth week,the sixteenth week,the twenty-fouth week (p<0.05);When compared the content of NO in serum and femoral artery tisssue in experimental group in different time, the level of NO decreased in twenty-fourth week when compared with in the eighth week,in the sixteenth week ,there was significant difference (p<0.05).4 The comparision of ET in plasma and femoral artery. In experimental group, the content of ET in plasma is (50.03±8.47)pg/ml,(60.14±9.20)pg/ml,(71.55±11.50)pg/ml in the eighth week,the sixteenth week, the twenty-fouth week,versus it is (35.46±7.90)pg/ml,(30.35±8.50) pg/ml,(37.87±8.60)pg/ml in control group.In femoral artery tissue ,the content is (2.90±0.60) ng/mg ,(3.65±0.50)ng/mg,(4.33±0.45)ng/g in experimental group versus it is (1.24±0.40)ng/mg,(1.25±0.35) ng/mg,(1.50±0.50)ng/mg in control group. There was signifacant differrence between two groups in the eighth week,the sixteenth week,the twenty-fouth week (p<0.05). When compared the content of ET in plasma and femoral artery tisssue in experimental group in different time, the level of ET increased in twenty-fourth week when compared with in the eighth week,in the sixteenth week ,there was significant difference (p<0.05).Clinic experiment: There was signifacant differrence between the experimental group and the control group (p<0.05). In experimental group,The content of NO in serum is (17.80±5.20)μmol/l, The content of ET is (96.50±16.60)pg/ml. In control group,The content of NO in serum is (28.30±3.50)μmol/l,The content of ET is (56.10±15.30) pg/ml.Conclusion: 1 The high dose alcohol intake can lead to the injury of endothelial cell, which can induce ET increased and NO decreased both in the animal plasma, femoral artery tissue and in the patient plasma. The change induces the contraction of blood vessel and the presentation of thrombus , then the blood supply of femoral head,lead to the microcirculatory disturbance. 2 The high dose alcohol intake can induce serum NO decreased, can not inhibit propagation and differaction of osteoclast, Hyp-level cannot maitain physiological function of osteoblast, resulting in osteoporosis.bone trabecula became thinner and sparse, appeared fatigue fracture, leading to necrosis of the femoral heads and caved in.
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