| Objective: Bronchial asthma, briefly called asthma,is chronic airway inflammatory in which many kinds of cells such as eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophil and airway epithelial cells,and cellular components. Modern medicine has confirmed allergic airway inflammation is a major cause of asthma and pathological changes of the basic mechanism. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory therapy is the primary treatment for asthma. Although western medicine in the treatment of chronic anti-inflammatory mainly achieved great success, over the past 20 years of epidemiological survey found no asthma morbidity and mortality rats. Therefore, the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of asthma and to find effective methods of treatment is very important. Chinese medicine in treating asthma have their own advantages,traditional Chinese material medical and medicine decotions have multiple targets so that they can exert influences on many pathological proce- sses.Jiawei-maxingshigan devotion(MG)is prepared on the basis of ancient maxingshigan devotion by my tutor. The devotion is very effective in controlling and preventing the pediatric asthma attacks with a clinical advantage. The experimental study mainly focuses on effects of MG on airway inflammation and Th1/Th2 imbalance in asthmatic rats and researchs in the anti-inflammatory mechanism in order to provide theoretical foundation for the clinic application for the treatment of pediatric asthma.Method: 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups normal control group, the asthmatic model group, MG small-dose group, MG large-dose group, dexamethasone treated group,MG and dexamethasone treated group,every group has 10 rats. In addition to the normal control group, in the first,the fifth and the eighth day, the other five group were injected at intraperiton with the antigen liquid (100mg egg albumin, inactivated Bordetella pertussis vaccines 5×109 and aluminum hydroxide powder 100mg).Meanwhile interjecent to cause the rats being allergized. The normal control group was treated with partes aequales normal sodium instead of antigen liquid.In the fourteenth day rats were placed in the plexiglass box incompletely closed,stimulated by 1% egg albumin with ultrasonic atomizer, one time a day, every 20 minutes for 12 days. The normal control group was treated with partes aequales normal sodium instead of OVA.The seventeenth day ,in addition to the normal control group and model group , the other four group were administrated before being stimulated prior to half an hour.MG small-dose group were gavage by MG(21.2g/kg/d); MG large-dose group were gavage by MG(42.4g/kg/d); dexamethasone-treated group were gavage by dexamethasone(0.75 mg/kg/d); MG and dexamethasone-treated group were gavage by dexamethasone(0.375mg/kg/d) and MG(21.2g /kg/d) one time a day for 8 days. The normal control group and the asthmatic model group was gavaged with partes aequales normal sodium.The twenty-fifth day, in 12 hours after the last stimulating,each group were got abdominal aortic blood after being anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 12% urethane. Soon after, the animals were killed, isolated trachea, ligated the right lung, the left lung were infunded normal sodium in 2ml at 37 centidegree by tracheal intubation, laundered back and forth twice and collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Using conventional counting method detects peripheral eosinophil count.The effect on concentrations of IFN-γand IL-4 in serum and BALF were measured by ELISA.Results1. The effect of MG on airway inflammation in asthmatic ratsThe model group's numbe of EOS in peripheral blood total count and DC of leukocyte in BALF significantly increased compared with normal group(P<0.001). MG and dexameth- asone and drug combination can ameliorate the number of EOS in peripheral blood.Compared with the model group, there was a significant difference in MG large-dose group, dexamethasone- treated group, MG and dexamethasone- treated group(P<0.01). MG at small-dose was significantly different from the the model group(P<0.05) .MG and dexamethasone and drug combination can ameliorate total count of leukocyte in BALF.Compared with the model group,there was a significant difference in MG large-dose group, dexamethasone-treated group,MG and dexamethasone-treated group(P<0.01).MG at small-dose was no significantly different from the the model group(P>0.05). MG and dexamethasone and drug combination can ameliorate DC of leukocyte in BALF.Compared with the model group, there was a significant difference in MG large-dose group, dexameth- asone-treated group, MG and dexamethasone-treated group (P<0.001).MG at small-dose was significantly different from the the model group(P<0.01).2. The effect of MG on concentrations of IFN-γin serum and BALF in asthmatic rats.The concentrations of IFN-γat model group in serum and BALF were significantly lower compared with the normal group (P<0.001). After drug treatment, and the concentrations of IFN-γwere increased, there was a significant difference compared with the model group (P<0.01). MG at small-dose group was significantly different from MG at small-dose group (P<0.05).Dexamethasone and drug combination were no difference(P>0.05).3. The effect of MG on concentrations of IL-4 in serum and BALF in asthmatic rats.The concentrations of IL-4 at model group in serum and BALF were significantly higher, compared with the normal group (P<0.01). After drug treatment, and the concentrations of IL-4 were decreased, there were significant difference compared with the model group (P<0.001). MG at small-dose group was significantly different from MG at small-dose group (P<0.05). MG at large-dose group and dexamethasone and drug combina- tion were no difference (P>0.05).4. The effect of MG on the ratio of IL-4/IFN-γin serum and BALF in asthmatic rats.The ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 at model group in serum and BALF were significantly stepped down, compared with the normal group (P<0.001).After drug treatment on all groups, the ratio of IL-4/IFN-γwere stepped up, there were significant difference compared with the model group (P<0.001). MG at small-dose group was significantly different from MG at small-dose group (P<0.05). MG at large-dose group and dexamethasone and drug combination were no difference (P >0.05).Conclusion: MG can effectively relieve airway inflamm- ation in asthmatic rats. The possible underlying mechanisms of drug action include that MG can increase the level of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ) and decrease the level of Th2 cytokines (IL-4) in serum and BALF in asthmatic rats and accommodate the Th1/Th2 imbalance by stepping up ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4. MG can control airway inflammation and has effect of immunomo- dulation in asthma.
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