A Research On China's Fiscal Supply Mechanism Of Public Health

The precipitate SARS epidemic has called the society's attention to public health. It not only sounds the alarm to medical and health enterprises, but also brings other departments great challenges. Although we have overcome SARS ultimately, it still emerges a series of urgent problems about our country's public health such as the lag in the developing and the insufficiency of the fund devotion. In front of the SARS crisis, our abilities of crisis dealing, medical researching, and medical treatment and health curing are undergoing severe tests; moreover, our fiscal ability to pay is trying in the backside. This paper will mainly discuss the fiscal supply mechanism of public health.The paper includes three parts. The first part is the general theories of public health. At the first, this part gives the definition of public health. And then, it presents the academic foundation of the public health, which is mainly composed by human capital theory and public economy theory. As a very important kind of human capital, health has a significant impact on the economy. For this reason, we should invest in health, which plays an important role in human capital. The function of public health is to accelerate the forming of health. The public economy theory analyses the nature of public health goods, and discusses the necessity to fiscal supply in public health and the range of the supply.The second part is the analysis on the fiscal supply mechanism of our country's public health. This part introduces the developing process of the fiscal supply mechanism of our country's public health, and analyses our country's advantages and disadvantages during this process. Afterwards, it carries through an empirical analysis on the scale and structure of our government expenditure on public health. According to the two basic questions that "whether the gross is abundance" and "whether the structure is in reason", the paper raises the problem that the gross of our country's public health is insufficient and the structure is unreasonable.The third part presents the fiscal countermeasure on perfection current supply mechanism of our country's pubic health. Based on the actual situation of our country's public health and the analysis above, this part puts forward some relevant reform thoughts. These thoughts could be summarized as following: strengthen the duty of the government in the public health, enhance the force of the devotion on public health; transform the government function, solve the "offside" and "omission" problem of government finance; balance the gap between the rural and urban, achieve the consolidation of the efficiency and equity; increase the management degree of public devotion, build an efficient management framework of the fiscal expenditure on public goods; increase the financing sources of public health account.