Study Of The Expression And Their Relationship Of KAI1 And β-catenin In Gastric Cacinomas

IntroductionGastric carcinoma is one of principal diseases that lead to death in cancerous patients, and its etiopathogenisis is not clear yet. Tumorous metastasis is the main reason in the gastric cancerous postoperative death. Recent researches indicate that happening and growth of the gastric cancer are the process regulated by some genes' change. KAI1 is a tumorous anti - metastasis gene that was discovered in human prostatic carcinoma by two American groups in 1995, they found that KAI1 gene effect invasion and metastasis by changing interaction in cell - cell and cell - ECM. β - catenin as β - cadherins significant signaling molecule in cytoplasm can combine with peptid piece in the cell and participate in the process of cell adhesion , growth, hyperplasy , and further effect cancerous metastasis by controlling expression and function of β - cadherins . The text will discuss the effect of KAI1 and β - cadherins in gastric cancerous happening , growth, infiltration , and metastasis by the correlation on expression between KAI1 and β - catenin and clinical pathological character in gastric cancerous tissue and the study of their interrelationship .Materials and methodsResearch object : Choose 54 cases of paraffin - embedded specimens of gastric cancer with full clinic and pathologic datum by exairesis and confirmed inpathology in No. 2 Hospital of China Medical University' s general surgery spanning the duration from 2001 to 2003 , all without chems and radiotherapy before operation , and confirmed adencarcinoma by pathological diagnose. Main reagent and equipment : mouse anti - human KAIl monoclonal antibody ( 1: 50);mouse anti - human p - catenin monoclonal antibody (1:100 );S - P kit;DAB coloring reagent kit;the convent reagent and equipment of immunostainingem-pirical method : Defined the sample' s degree of tissue differentiation by paraffin block with HE' s staining . Deploying S - P immunohistochemistry method detected expression of KAIl and ￡J - catenin in gastric cancerous and normal tissue . Positive ones with KAIl expression show dark brown in the cytoplasm and the conclusion of staining is made according to the percentage of positive cells from congener counted cells;Judging staining' s classing standard of (3 - catenin * s by Jawhari means and so on, viewing abnormal expression as positive cells o Statistics was analyzed by chi - square test and Fisher accurate probabilistic method , P <0.05 was considered as difference predominance standard.Research result1. It is negative correlation with positive expression rate of KAIl lymphatic metastasis, far distance metastasis ,and clinical stage of gastric cancer(P <0. 05);Positive expression rate of KAIl will fall when deepening of the tumorous generating lymphatic metastasis , happening of far distance metastasis and increasing of clinical stage . It also positively correlate with pathological differentiated degree of tumor(P <0.05) , which fall when pathological differentiated degree of tumor decrease.2. It is positive correlation with positive (3 - catenin expression rate infiltrated depth ,lymphatic metastasis, far distance metastasis ,and clinical stage of gastric cancer( P < 0. 05 );With deepening of the tumorous infiltrated depth , generating lymphatic metastasis , happening of far distance metastasis and increasing of clinical stage, positive (3 - catenin expression rate rises obviously. Positive (3 - catenin expression rate is negatively related with pathological differ-entiated degree of tumor(P <0.05);it rises when pathological differentiated degree of tumor decreases.3. It is negative correlation with KAI1 and |5 - catenin expression in the gastric cancerous tissue (P < 0. 05 ) .DiscussionKAI1 belongs to anti - metastasis gene, the localization and wide glycosyla-tion on cytomembrane indicate that they work on interaction in cells and that between cells and ECM, which is very significant in infiltration and metastasis of tumor. Researches have revealed that KAI1 influence invasion and metastasis of cancerous cells by altering the interaction in cell - cell and cell - ECM. In the experiment, expression rate of KAI1 in the gastric cancerous tissue is obviously lower than that in the normal gastric tissue and is also lower with deepening of the generating lymphatic metastasis, happening of far distance metastasis and increasing of clinical stage , which induce that the expression and lost of KAI1 have a close relationship with the occurrence and development of gastric cancer , may provide an useful message to identify the degree of gastric cancer.Adhesion is the precondition of metastasiss, p$ - catenin and E - cadherin form complex, which plays a significant role in retaining epithelium polarity and adhesiveness. Moreover ,it has proved f$ —catenin is a key factor in accommodating with the cadherins function in the investigations . If the expression or function of p - catenin is abnormal , cadherins still can not carry out the orders and then have impact on tumorous metastasis, even cadherins is expressed normally. This experiment discovers that in the gastric cancerous tissue the expression of (3 - catenin is very abnormal that is higher than normal gastric tissue, and increases with low pathological differentiation , deepening of the tumorous infiltrated depth , generating lymphatic metastasis , happening of far distance metastasis and increasing of clinical stage, and displays close relationship between abnormal expression of 3 - catenin and tumorous happening, development and metastasis .The increasing of 3 - catenin indirectly decrease the KAI1 ' s expressionrate so that the tumor has metastatic potentiality . This experiment result shows that the expression of KAIl and p - catenin is negatively concerned in gastric cancerous tissue , and the KAIl ' sexpression rate decreases together with p -catenin ' s expression rate increasing;and displays that in the process of happening and growth of gastric cancer both the decreasing of metastatic suppression function of KAIl gene and promoting cellular invasion and metastasis by p -catenin effecting cellular adhesion function have common use.Conclusion1. KAIl express lowly but expression of p - catenin is abnormal in the gastric cancerous tissue.2. Close relationship between positive expression rate of KAIl and p — catenin in the gastric cancerous tissue and tumorous lymphatic metastasis, far distance metastasis , clinical stage and pathological differentiated degree of tumor displays that they work on suppression or promotion in the process of gastric cancerous happening ,growth, infiltration and metastasis .3. Negative correlation between KAIl and p - catenin expression displays that they restrict each other in the process of gastric cancerous happening , growth, infiltration and metastasis in the gastric cancerous tissue.4. Both KAIl and p - catenin could be two marks to diagnose and predict the prognosis of gastric cancer .