| [Objective] To match the indication and consumed time of operation, bleeding and transfusing volume of perioperation, duration of postoperative chest drainage, spending time of hospitalization, recurrence rate of pneumothorax and the average total hospitalization costs between video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) and thoracotomy(TH) for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax(SP).[Methods] Twenty patients underwent VATS and another thirty-seven did TH.[Results] The average blood amount lost during operation was 93.3± 74. 4ml in TH and 51±26. 8ml in VATS(t=2.84, p<0.05), respectively; the operation time was 102±34. 3min and 95±30min(t=0.704, p> 0.05),respectively; the time postoperative drinage tube left in chest was 3. 8±2. 3days and 1. 8±0. 84days(t=2.34, p > 0.05); hospitalization days was 18. 6 ± 6. 7days and 13. 7 ± 4. 2days(t=1 .31, p > 0.05), respectively; the number of recurrence after operation was 1 in and 2 in TH; the average operation cost was $806 ± 78 in TH and Y1808.2±447 in VATS(t=7.6, p<0.01), respectively; the average total cost on hospital was $7546.7±2359.9 in TH an $13140.00 ± 2709.8in VATS(t=6.32,p< 0.01), respectively.[Conclusion] VATS has many advantages, for example: minimal invasion fewer bleeding, shorter operating time, less affecting cardio-pulmonary function and quick recovery. We suggest that VATS is the first choice for the treatment of primary SP(PSP), especially for recurrent or bilateral PSP. Secondary SP(SSP) is recommended for TH. TH would be economical, VATS has advantage of minimally invasive surger.
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