Study On Chemical Constituents Of Above Ground Of Peganum Harmala L.

Peganum harmala L. belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae which contains many kinds of alkaloids. The pharmacological actions of it are comprehensive and antitumor activity is the most significant action. The chemical constituents of above ground of Peganum harmala L. were pretested systematically by means of tube-test and PC-test methods. Based on the theories and principles of phytochemistry and modern chemical isolation and purification methods, some compounds were separated and purified from the solvent extraction with the combination of conventional and new methods. Based on the physicochemical properties and spectral analysis, structural identfication of them were elucidated. It's the first time to use ultrasonic technology on Peganum harmala L. to determine the parameter of the extraction technology of alkaloids from the seeds of it. The experimental results were given as follows: 1. The chemical constituents in the Peganum harmala L. have been pretested systematically by means of tube pretest and the paper chromatography method. The results show that plenty of alkaloid, flavnoid and its glycoside, polysaccharide, amino acid, volatile oil exist in the Peganum harmala L. from Ningxia. It also probably contains sterid, phenol, tannia, organic acid and does not contain anthraquinone and its glycoside, lactone, coumarin, cardiac glycoside, saponin. 2. The effects of alcohol concentration, liquid-material ratio and ultrasonic time on the extraction of alkaloids from the seeds of Peganum harmala L. were studied by useing of L9(3)⁴ orthogonal test scheme, the results show that the optimal extraction conditions were A₂B₃C₃,i.e. extracted with 8 times amount of 80% alcohol for ultrasonic extraction 60 min. 3. With the solvent extraction, thin layer chromatography, column chromatography and recrystallation, 7 compunds were separated from the Peganum harmala L.. These compounds are as following: â… (23mg),â…¡(33mg),â…¢(26mg),â…£(97mg),â…¤(70mg),â…¥(64mg),â…¦(50mg). Based on chemical reactions and spectral analysis (IR, MS ,1H NMR), four of them were elucidated as palm acid , vasicinone,vasicine, deoxyvasicinone. The study determined the parameter of the extraction technology of alkaloids from the seeds of Peganum harmala L. from Ningxia.