| Objective: To understand the prevalence of hypertension and the subject' blood level, and analyze the risk factors and the knowledge on hypertension prevention and control. In order to provide an evidence-based approach to the prevention and management of hypertension, and adopt the adequate measures to control the hypertension in the rural community of Gaoping, Shanxi.Methods: A survey was made for a total of 2624 peasants (1172 males and 1452 females) aged 15 and over in a rural community of Gaoping, Shanxi, China during the July of 2002, using the method of cluster sampling. All subjects were investigated by questionnaires and their blood pressures were measured at the same time. The following parameters were studied: the subjects' general status, the health knowledge of hypertension, family' history and anamnesis, healthy behavior and so on. The prevalence was standardized by the data of census in 2000. SPSS 10.0 of statistical software was used for data analysis.Results: The total diagnosis hypertension prevalence of the sample was 32.2%, (The diagnostic standards as suggested by WHO is: SBP 140mmHg and/or DBP 90mmHg, ImmHg = 0.133Kpa), and the standardized prevalence rate (SPR) of hypertension was 31.35%, among which, the male prevalence was 33.6% (SPR: 33.19%), and the female prevalence was 31.0% (SPR: 30.33%), which was higher than the result of national sampling investigation. Also the study told the prevalence rate of hypertension was increased with the increasing of the age in both males and females. The result shown that there was significant dose-reaction relationship between cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, much salt intake, obesity and hypertension. In the male samples, the prevalence of no-smoking and abstaining-smoking, smoking was 23.7%, 32.3% and38.7%, respectively. There was a significant difference between smoking and no-smoking ( x 2=21.46, P<0.001). The study found that the significant difference between alcohol intake and no-alcohol intake ( x 2=18.75, P<0.001). The investigation found that much salt intake was an important factor on hypertension. It was 1.34 time in male ( x 2=12.6, P<0.001), 1.65 times in females ( x 2=41.68, PO.001) that liking-salt taste compared with the disliking-salt taste. The study indicated that the prevalence of hypertension was 53.7% in male of BMI 25, 44.3% in female of BMI 25. The prevalence was obvious difference in normal weight and over-weight both male and female.The results indicated the level of health knowledge about the prevention and treatment of hypertension was lower. Only 8.23% answered correctly the relationship between hypertension and heredity, tension, much salt intake, obesity, cigarette smoking, excess-alcohol intake. From 5 to 1 risk factor of them, the rate of answered correctly were 14.98%, 21.65%, 26.15%, 30.21%, 32.93%, respectively. Also, the rate of answered correctly was lower about the relationship between some diseases (such as cardiovascular and cerebro-vascular diseases etc.) and hypertension. About 58.1% of the subjects took their blood pressure in past 5 years, and 73.9% of them understand their blood level.Conclusion: The prevalence in the community is far higher than the national sampling results taken by 1991. We must strength the health education for population of rural area and propagate the knowledge of prevention and treatment on hypertension, and culture their good health behavior. The study is the base for further intervention of hypertension epidemiology in the area.
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