| OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to determine knowledge, health belief and prevention behaviors on osteoporosis, to evaluate the feasible and effectiveness of a community-based primary osteoporosis prevention program for community-dwelling middle and old aged people to determine if osteoporosis prevention program participants (intervention group) increased their knowledge of osteoporosis, health belief, calcium intake and exercise; to develop a model for health education on basis of theoretical framework of Health Belief Model to promoting the development of community nursing in China and to provide scientific evidences for choosing effective ways in health promotion . DESIGN: This research included two parts. The first part is about revision of the Chinese versions of Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale. A sample of 304 subjects ages 35 to 80, were randomized selected from three communities and one senior residential apartment, and received the test of OHBS and OSE for psychometric evaluation.The second part is about community intervention trial,which is made up of three stages, the first stage is about the community health education diagnosis which is to find the conditions of the konwledge,attitude,belief and behavior(KABP),then make a intervention plan according to the findings.The second stage is to perform the educational intervention, which was available to the intervention group for 6 months. At last stage, We evaluate effectiveness of the intervention by the change of KABP on osteoporosis pre-intervention and post-intervention.Randomly selected intervention group and control group in Puxia community in Fuzhou City. At baseline survey, 374 adults aged 35 to 80 years were randomly invited from intervention group (n=200) and control group(n=174) At posttest,160 subjects from intervention group and 120 subjects from control group receive the KAP survey on osteoporosis.RESULTS:(1) For OHBS, the test-tested reliability coefficient were 0.73,the Cronbach's alphas were in 0.60~0.85,factor analysis of responses to the health belief items revealed a logical, theoretically meaningful six-factor structure.For OSE, the test-tested reliability coefficient were 0.80,the Cronbach's alphas were in 0.94,factor analysis of responses to the self-efficacy items revealed a logical, theoretically meaningful two-factor structure.(2)The main findings of the baseline assessment demonstrate that osteoporosis is unfamiliar to community-dwelling middle and old aged people, The KABP of them is poor. Few people are aware of the susceptiblity and seriousness of osteoporosis and believe that they had a good chance of osteoporosis.(3) The results showed the intervention is effective, it demonstrated that the intervention group have significantly improved in the KABP than the control group. Comparisons between the 2 groups revealed: the knowledge of intervention group have been improved markly, the score index increase by 23.2%, significantly increased 5.86 scores compared with control, the scores of susceptibility ,health motivation and self-efficacy of intervention group are significantly increased,and the scores of calcium barrier and exercise barrier of intervention group are significantly decreased. For intervention group, the rate of exercise increased from 77 % to 89.6%(P<0.05), the rate of reasonable exercise increased from 27.6% to 41.9%(P<0.05),the exercise intensity increased significantly, the rate of intake at least one standard of dairy products(which is correspond to 220 milliliter milk) each day increased from 27.6% to 38.8%(P<0.05),the rate of intake of bean each day increased from 18% to 23.8%(P<0.05),while the KABP of the control group have not significantly changed.CONCLUSION: (1)The Chinese version of OHBS and OSE have psychometrically acceptable reliability and validity, and can be used in Chinese adult population for health promotion.(2)These findings suggest that a education program have an impact on knowledge ,belief and behaviors that may help t...
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