| Cervical squamous carcinoma (CSC) is the most common tumor in gynecological malignant tumors. The development of CSC included some processes. Mild, middle, severe dysplasia, tumor in situ and at last developed into CSC. Unmature metaplasia squamous epithelium or proliferative squamous epithelium would be dysplasia, when matched exogenous stimulators. Squamous epitheliums shew different grade of dysplasia and unmature, abnormal mitotic figures increased. It's agreed on that the formation of cervical carcinoma is a series of complex scales. The develop process of normal cells changed, the genentic changes occurred, the balances of proliferation and apoptosis among cells was destroyed. These led to arising of carcinoma, survive and grow of precarcinoma and carcinoma cells. Bcl-2 (B cell leukemia/lymph -oma-2) is the most popular anti-apoptotic gene, it played a important role in the process of apopotosis and is well researched by many scientists these years. It was first detected in B cell leukema and follicular lymphoma, it was cloned from the broken point of t (14; 18) chromsome. Bcl-2 protein was expressed in mitochondria, endoplast, exokernel membrane, it has special sequence, not same as other oncogene. Recently, we has thought that the mechanism of generation and development of tumor was a process that genetic multimutant activated mitotic mechanism and disactivated apopototic process. It was known that apotosis played an important role in that cleaning the useless and abnormal cells in physical state, it helped to keep the active balance of the body. Repressing of cell apoptosis protected reversed cells from death in early stage of tumor generation, this benefited not only reversed cells' proliferation, but also accumulated abnormal genes and stimulated genetic unstably, it was prone to the generation and development of tumors. Bcl-2 played the most important role in cell apoptosis, it prevented the occurring of cell apoptosis, prolonged living of tumor cell. Over expression of bcl-2 was not only related to lymphoma, but also was detected in many tumors such as cervical carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, pulmonic carcinoma, nasopharynx carcinoma, neuralblast tumor and so on. To detect the expression of bcl-2 oncoprotein in cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) and CSC tissues, and determine its clinical values, provide reference for clinical work such as estimate clinical stages, prognosis, treatment, we detect expression of bcl-2 in 14 chronic cervicitis, 44 CIN and 28 CSC by immunohisto- chemical staining, did researches on them with χ2 and Fisher's statistics. We got the results: bcl-2 protein expressed in cervititis. the positive signals were marked on the base layer of squamous epithelium, the positive signals of bcl-2 protein expressed in CIN was mostly distributed in base layer, some of them could be found in the surface layer, but only sprinkly. Expression of bcl-2 protein in CSC distributed unorderlinely, the positive signals were marked on the plasma, some of them looked like slice, nest or hearth,there was brown signals of different degree and disequably. Bcl-2 protein mainly expressed in plasia. The positive rate of bcl-2 expression in chronic cervicitis, CIN and CSC is 7.14%, 36.36%, 71.43% respec- tively. There is not significantly statistical difference of bcl-2 expression in different histological degree, clinical stages, lymph -node metastasis. Bcl-2 expression in CIN low grade and high grade is 8.70% and 66.67%, there was significantly statistical difference between them. Its expression in CINI was 9.09%, it was not significant statistical different from its expression in CINII (8.23%). We drew a conclusion: Bcl-2 plays a important role in the arising and development of cervical squamous carcinoma. Bcl-2 had no relativity with different histological degrees, clinical stages and lymphnode metastasis, so that we considered that bcl-2 plays an important role in the early stage of arising of cervical squamous carcinoma. The risk factor is similar in CINI and CINII. In clinic t...
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