| Nosocomial infection affectes the medical quality seriously and has become at very impotant problem of public health at present. About 2 million inpatients caught nosocomial infection in America annually, which brought on 44~98 thousand persons dying and $17 to 29 billion losing. About 5 million inpatients caught nosocomial infections in China and the annual direct economic loss is up to 10-15 billion Yuan, The number would be inestamible if indirect economic loss were included. It brings new challenge for nosocomial infection control and prevention along with extensive use of modern the new modern medical technologies, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, chemoimmunosuppressive agents, invasive device utilization, abuse of antibiotics, aberrance of bacilli, resistance to antibiotics, aging of society and increasing of chronic.It' s an effective strategy to decrease the NS rate by strengthen the NS surveillance an studying the epidemiological characteristics of NS. NP is the most commonly occurred NS in China base on the literature reports. In order to investigate the distribution, discipline, the relation ship between risk factors and NP, and the secular trends of PN rates and the risk factors, one provincial hospital which is a Class III, Grade I hospital evaluated by Health Ministry of the People' s Republic of China was taken as the study hospital. Thesurveillance data from 1993 to 2000 were analyzed. Material and Methods1. The participants and the diagnosis standard: All the inpatients who were hospitalized more than 48 hrs were monitored from 1993 to 2000 in A Bank one, Class Third hospital of Province Henan. The diagnosis standard was adopted that was established by the Nosocomial Infection Surveillance and Control Cooperative Group, the Ministry of Public Health, the People' s Republic of China (1990,1997).2.Variables: 1) Independent Variables: demology information of the objects, nosocomial infection departments, impressionable factors, device utilization, fundamental and secondary diseases, exposing status of risk factors , et al. 2) Dependent Variables: the incidence of nosocomial infection, the constitutes of infection sites and time of infection.3. Methods: 1) The surveillance and intervening methods of nosocomial infection: by the prospective investigation way, each inpatient was registered and supervised as surveillance object. Every 50 patients were taken charge by one investigator, who is from the full time nosocomial infection workers that had been concentrated to be trained. According to the uniform investigation methods (combining the investigation by sick bed with the investigation of consulting the case history) from the National Surveillance and Controlment Net, they filled every case's investigation table one item after another to collect the nosocomial infection cases prospectively. The -incidence of nosocomial infection of the patients who left hospital was respectively calculated every month in terms of department, infected site and risk factors. At the same time, the relevant information of nosocomial infection was released and communicated in time. 2) Descriptive Statistical method was used to describe the incidence, constitution of nosocomial infection in differenceinfection sites, distribution rule on different ages, sex, and departments and the time-trend, et al. 3) Study the relationship between the risk factors monitored and lower respiratory tract infection by one-factor and multi-factor analysis (logistic regression model).4. Statistics: The data were analyzed by software SAS 8.2 to achieve theincidence of nosocomial infection, including infection sites, x2 , P, OR, OR95%CI. And Logistic results. Study the time-trend of exposing rate of risk factors momitored, on the base of analysis of time-trend of nosocomial infection of KRT. a=0.05 was considered as level of a test. Results1.126665 inpatients were monitored from 1993 to 2000. 5541 nosocomial infection patients have been found, and the total nosocomial infection incidence was 4.37%. The c...
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