| IntroductionWith the rapidly development of genesiologe, the level of making on diagnosis and giving treatment to infertility had improved greatly. But there are still some unexplained infertile women not to be cured. Among infertile causes, implanting failure is key problem. Embryo with high quality N endometrial receptivity and their coordination are major factors of implantation. Although the golden criterion to evaluate endometrial function is still pathologic examination on luteal phase en-dometrium, more and more evidence indicate that endometrium with consistent clinical and histological phase can't fully represent its normal function and receptivity. Some cytokin such as Integrin COX-2,CT,LIF and so on effect on endomerial receptivity during implanting phase on molecular level. By aimed genie therapy, implanting rate may be raised. Now on molecular level studies about endometrial receptivity are being focal point of genesiological studies.HOX genes are transcriptional regulators that play promoting body segment development and determinating histodifferentation roles in embryonic development by activating or repressing downstream genes.HOXA10 gene is a member of AbdB subgroup of HOX genes family. In the mouse, HOXA10 gene expression is essential for fertility. HOXA10 gene defect exhibit uterine factor infertility. Thus its effect on reproductive endocrinology domain has brought scholars' interest. At present, studies of HOXA10 gene effecting on human's reproduction and endocrine are few either at home or at abroad. Taylor reported that expression of HOXA10 gene was low during proliferative and early secretory endometrium, but it dramatically increased during the mid-secretory and late secretory endometrium of human being. The especially timing of expression points to a probable essential role for HOXA10 gene in leading to endometrial receptivity. By studying expression characteristics of HOXA10 gene in endometrium of unexplained infertile women, theoretical basis can be provided for further clarifying its effect on endometrial receptivity formation.Materials28 cases human endometria were obtained from unexplained infertile (IF) women in our center of reproductive endocrinology. Ovu-latory day was determined by monitoring ovulation and endometrium closing to uterine fundus was taken by curettage after ovulation. In order to remove luteal phase defect ( LPD) , blood progesterone level was examined at the same time of curettage in middle secretory phase. 20 cases endometria of normal fertile (NF) group were obtained from normal fertile women without habitual abortion history undergoing operation for their simple leiomyorna who had normal menstrual cycle. They underwent operation during secretory phase and their endometria on normal side closing to uterin fundus were curetted. All of sampleswere obtained from 2002.1-2002.10. Ages of two group hadn't significantly difference and women hadn' t taken hormonal medicine 3 months before operation. Total tissue was immediately fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histological phase of samples was confirmed using the criteria of Noyes. Then each group was divided into early and middle secretory phase.MethodsHOXA10 mRNA expressions in early and middle secretory endo-metria of 28 cases IF and 20 cases NF women were examined by in situ hybridization. After paraffin sections were treated with proteinase, HOXA10 mRNA antisense riboprobes were added to sections to hybridize. Then they were added to a series of antibodies. At last they were stained by DAB. Brown and yellow granulae emerging in cytoplasm defined as positive expression. We detected positive unites (PUs) of stained area using image analysis system. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.ResultsHOXA10 mRNA were expressed in glandula cells and- stromal cells of endometria of two groups. In the IF group, PUs of the expression of HOXA10 mRNA in early and mid secretory phase endometria were 6. 61+...
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