| With the development of implantology ,implants can be applied more widely. Nowadays besides applied in the oral region ,they can also be implanted into the cranio-maxillofacial region serving for the retention of cranio-maxillofacial prosthesis,such as auricular ,nasal,orbital and zygomatic ones.To provide anatomy basis for the implant surgery in the cranio-maxillofacial region ,the three dimensional quantitative measurement of the cranio-maxillofacial region (temporal bone, anterior nasal floor ,orbital rim and zygoma region)were performed in 146 cases. The results are listed below:1.1 In the lateral incisor region of anterior nasal floor ,the thickness of alveolus 6mm inferior to piriform aperture is:8.79mm for male,7.26mni for female;The distance between the root tips of lateral incisor and the anterior nasal floor is: 10.98mm for male ,9.69mm for female,so the lateral incisor region is an optimal one for implants with 3.6-4.0mm in diameter and 4-9mm in length for male,4-7mm hi length for female.1.2 The distance between the root tips of cuspid and the anterior nasal floor is:8.12mm for male ,6.21mm for female,so when the root tips of the lateral incisor are too close to the anterior nasal floor,inclined placement of 4-6mm implants for male,4mm ones for female in the cuspid region should be considered.1.3 In some cases,when the root tips of the anterior teeth are too close to the floor of the anterior nasal,horizontal placement of the fixtures hi the inferior-lateral part of the piriform aperture should be considered.1.4. The average angle between the nasopalatine duct and the anterior nasal floor is 114.80 , so in front of the nasopalatine duct, implants should be implanted parallel to the nasopalatine duct with an angle about 115 ?between the implant direction and the nasal floor; The bone in front of the nasopalatine duct was thin,the diameter of implants applied here should be less than 4mm.2.K In the temporal bone,the area of 8 ' 00-11 .' 00(right ear)and 16-22mm from center of the external auditory canal offers sufficient thickness of bone for implants .The bone thickness is : 11 I 00:6.77mm for male,5.18mm for female; 10 '. 00:8.60mm for male ,6.77mm for female; 9 .' 30:8.47mm for male ,6.44mm for female ; 9 ' 00:9.85mm for male,7.30mm for female; 8 ' 30:12.13mm for male,8.77mm for female; 8 I 00:14.50mm for male,10.80mm for female.The length of implants should be: 11 .' 00:4-5mm for male,3-4mm for female; 10 .' 00:4-7mm for male ,4-5mm for female; 9 '. 30:4-7mm for male ,4-5mm for female ; 9 '. 00:4-8mm for male,4-6mm for female; 8 '. 30:4-10mm for male,4-7mm for female; 8 I 00:4-12mm for male,4-8mm for female.2.2 Towards the external canal and from 12 I 00 to 11 : 00, 10 : 00 to 8 : 00,the bone became thicker,so if sufficient bone volume does not exist in initial site,the location should be shifted anti-clockwise for right side(clockwise for left side) and closer to the external canal.3.K For male,The bone thickness 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm posterior to the inferior-inside borderline is: 6.97mm,6.45mm,5.75mm,5.01mm for upper part and 7.03mm,6.69mm,6.28mm,5.89 mm for lower part.When bone thickness around implants is at least 1.5mm,the implants3.6-4.0mm in diameter, 10- 12mm in length can be applied, when bone thickness around implants is at least 1.0mm,the implants3.6-4.0mm in diameter, 14-16mm in length can be applied; For female,The bone thickness 4mm,6mm,8mm,10mm posterior to the inferior-inside borderline is: 6.95mm,6.55mm,6.28mm,5.31mm for upper part and 6. 60mm, 6.39mm, 6.26mm, 5.75mm for lower part.When bone thickness around implants is at least 1.5mm,the implants3.4-3.8mm in diameter,4-6mm in length can be applied, when bonethickness around implants is at least 1.0mm,the implants3.4-3.8mm in diameter,8-10mni in length can be applied.3.2 The width of the zygoma is 21.39mm for male and 17.20mm for female so it can contain two implants with a distance more than 15mm.3.3 the development of the maxillary sinus of male was superior to that of female...
|
PDF Full Text Request