| Stroke is found as one of common diseases in central nervous system, and seriously dangerous to the human health. It leads to high mortality and incidence of disability. Active rehabilitation could make 90 percent of survivors recover walking and self-care, and 30 percent reengage in trivial work. Without rehabilitation, those recoveries above are only limited 60% and 5% respectively. In order to improve quality of life and return to society earlier, rehabilitation is more and more important for the patients with stroke, and it is widely supported to explore the bases that CNS function could recover from injury.From lots of experiments and clinical researches for many years, it has been recognized that mature CNS could acquire ability to reorganize the structure and function or has plasticity whatever among mammallian or nonmammallian species, which makes it possible to recover from damage. The plasticity is defined that brain has adaptation that is brain could alter its structure and function to adjust to changed conditions. The plasticity of CNS is performed to occur at multi-levels and stages such as synapses, neurons, pathway and cerebral cortex as well. This is because any activity needs synchronous activation of many neurons and participation of lots of pathway and cortex. If major area where a certain activity is conducted is injured or diseased, this activity will be transferred to other neurons, pathway and areas of cortex. The alteration is determined by CNS potency of recovery and adaptation from damage,as well as by motor learning before and after injury. Prompt rehabilitation training could promote this alteration.It is increasingly clear that rehabilitation training plays an important role in the brain functional reorganization. The training is a process to exercise to react to stimulation promptly and properly, adapt to environment and relearn technique in life and work through interaction with other people and surroundings. The spontaneous recovery of CNS is limited unless patients' status is not serious at all. It is necessary for patients to take rehabilitation training in order to improve the effectiveness of recovery, adapt to surroundings and take self-care. But the mechanisms are not entirely clear.The present study is to investigate the effects of rehabilitation training on the expression of NOS-positive neurons and synaptophysin (p38) immunoreactivity in the cortex of cerebral infarcted rats, and to explore the mechanism of rehabilitation training promoting cerebral function recovery, to provide theoretic bases to clinical rehabilitation of stroke.NOS (nitric oxide synthase) is the rate-limiting enzyme during NO (nitric oxide) synthesis and the most important step in modulation of nitric oxide. As a biologic messenger molecule, NO is involved in many normal biological processes and pathological states. In brain ischemia, NO is dual functional, not only in participating in neuronal excitotoxicity, but also in neuroprotection. P38 is a major glycoprotein of the synaptic vesicle membrane, and is capable of forming transmembrane channels. P38 could participate in vesicle-plasma membrane fusion and in releasing neurotransmitter. As an indicator of synapse, p38 measured by immunohistochemistry and subsequent image analysis has become an- 6 -? USestablished indirectly way reflecting synaptic density and distribution, and is used in many researching fields of neural development, disease, injury and regeneration of neural system.In the experiment 60 rats were divided into different groups randomly and 54 rats were made cerebral infarction models by photochemistry method: laser irradiation on the cortex areas of the left forelimb and hindlimb 10 minutes after the intravenous injection of photosensitive drug as chlorophyll derivative I\ . Rehabilitation group were given water maze, rotating bar and rolling cage exercises everyday, while immobilization group were fixed in cages. Histochemistry was used to detect the NOS-positive neurons express... |
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