| Objects:Pituitary adenomas are normal benign, but a small part of them can invade surround areas, like sphenoid sinus, optic chiasma, hypothalamus, cavernous sinus and internal carotid artery, appear malignant behavior, and cause higher recurrence. But the reasons causing pituitary adenoma and changing it's biological behavior, have not yet been perfectly explained. As we know, tumor always occurs with relatively increasing of its DNA ploidy and changing of it's chromosomes. Therefore, to study pituitary adenomas' DNA ploidy and chromosomes' variance will get close to the source of its occurrence. Because of it's low proliferation in vitro, it is still difficult to culture pituitary adenoma cells to get suitable quality and quantity of chromosomes to study. This research was designed to find best condition under which we can get chromosomes of suitable quality and quantity, and to compare the DNA ploidy and chromosomes variance between invasive and noninvasive pituitary adenomas using conventional cytogenetic karyotype analysis, interphase FISH and Flow Cytometric.Methods:30 cases of pituitary adenomas were analysed, all type of tumors were confirmed by histopathological and immunopathological examination. We took fresh pituitary adenomas specimen during operation and divided them into several groups, every group was dealed with different concentration of colcemid and exposure time. We counted mitoses index every ten thousand cells after harvest and determined the best requirement of getting best quality chromosomes. After that, we studied the chromosomes4of good quality using R-band staining, conventional cytogenetic karyotype analysis, interphase FISH with chromosome 8 ,9 and 11 centromere specific DNA probe in 30 cases and measured the DNA ploidy using Flow Cytometric. The results were compared between invasive and noninvasive pituitary adenomas.Results: Of these 30 cases, we got 28 cases karyotype analysed. The successful pereentum is 93. 3%. All invasive pituitary tumors are aneuploidy, with the chromosome number changed, instead, only 5 cases in 19 noninvasive pituitary adenomas were aneuploidy. In our found, increasing of 844(60.71%), 944(35.71%), 1244(32.1%), 1944(25%) chromosomes happened more often than other chromosomes, especially in invasive tumors, 844(100%), 944(72.7%), 1244(72.7%), 1944(45. 4%); and the 8, 12, 19 chromosomes numeric variance existed in all types of pituitary adenomas. 9, 11 chromosomes numeric deviation had higher percentage in invasive pituitary adenomas. Through interphase PISH , we confirmed what was found in conventional cytogenetic analysis, furthermore, we found several cases of change of 8, 9, 11 chromosomes which didn?t been found in conventional eytogenetic karyotype analysis. Flow cytometric DNA ploidy measurement showed S% , DI, P1 of invasive tumors (10. 75 ±3. 26%, 1. 39±0. 21, 22. 97±6. 89) are obviously higher than noninvasive tumors (5.7±3.12%, 1.06±0.09,11.67±4.49) and the average of total cases( 7.56 ±3.96%, 1.18±0.21,15.82±7.71). 10/11 (90.9%) invasive adenomas got polyploids, but only 8/19 (42. 1%) in noninvasive adenomas.Conclusions:Invasivepituitaryadenomashavehigherproliferation rate than noninvasive pituitary adenomas. Chromosomes change happened more often in invasive tumors. The result implies numeric change of these 8,12, 19 chromosomes may be closely relevant to the occurrence of pituitary adenomas and 9,511 chromosomes are closely relative to tumor?s biological behavior deviation, make tumor change to malignant. Interphase FiSH can identify the change of chromosomes which can?t been found through conventional way. Its characters of easy to manipulate, observe and precise make it a good supplement of conventional cytogenetic karyotype analysis. The SPF and PF are very important standard to judge the tumor?s proliferaton character in using Flow Cytometics. And because FCM can analyse ten thousand cells at one time, its result seems to be more reliable. In clinic, we can determine whether...
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