Maize Diseases Occurrence And Analysis Of The Relationship With Climatic Ecological Factors In Henan Province

In this paper, in recent years, 19 in Henan Province of Main validation maize varieties were used for 2 different ecological regions in Henan province to conduct more tests of different ecological zone types and the main maize disease law, analyzes the impact of maize disease epidemic of the main meteorological factors, evaluation of cultivar resistance in Henan Province, The results are as follows:1.Maize area in Henan Province disease type and occurrence: maize area in Henan Province were the main type of Physoderma brown spot, Southera corn rust and Curvularia leaf spot, and the disease incidence and prevalence of law with the corn growth process in different ecological zones have changed. Physoderma brown spot was the most serious disease in eastern region at 20 days after silking stage, low in northern region, central region and southern-central region. No symptom of PBS was observed in southern-western region.Southern corn rust was the most serious disease in southern-western region at 40 days after silking stage, high in southern-central region, eastern region and central region, low in northern region; Curvularia leaf spot was the most serious disease in southern-central region at 40 days after silking stage, high in southern-western region, eastern region and central region, low in northern region. Secondary disease were: Southern corn leaf blight, Common corn smut, Gray leaf spot, Rough Dwarf Disease. which rough dwarf disease in center Henan was the high incidence, Common corn smut was a higher prevalence in northern and eastern of Henan. As latitude decreased, after silking, with increased rainfall, increased across all diseases.2. Climatic factors and corn diseases, yield, quality relationship: genes are different varieties of maize disease resistance, yield and quality formation of the initial source of internal factors play a role, independent role in the inter-annual climate change on maize disease extent, yield and quality form has a greater impact. Temperature before silking was to promote spore germination of pathogen infection key factor, the total rainfall, the temperature and humidity after silking were to promote disease development and re-infection of the main ecological conditions, the extent appropriate temperature before sliking,more precipitation after silking was positively related to the development. Southwest and southern-central in the 12-leaf stage of the average temperature and humidity were to promote spore germination of pathogenic factors, and silking,20days after silking,40days after silking total precipitation, average temperature and average humidity of the combined effect were conducived to the prevalence of disease and re-infection. In eastern region, 12-leaf and silking stage of the average temperature and humidity were to promote spore germination of pathogenic factors, the total precipitation in 20 days after silking stage, the average combined effects of temperature and humidity were conducive to the prevalence of disease and re-infection. Continuous rain and heat in southwestern Henan helped the prevalence and spread of Southera corn rust in the south, southern-central continuous high temperature was conducive to spore germination of Curvularia leaf spot disease and infection prevalence, continuous high humidity was conducive to the prevalence of eastern Henan Physoderma brown spot , while the high humidity weather was the main factor that Common corn smut occured in northern and eastern Henan, the larger breeding capacity of striatellus was the main reason for rough dwarf virus epidemic. Yield was larger positively correlated with sunshine, crude starch and was positively correlated with accumulated temperature per day after silking, crude protein, crude fat was positively correlated with Hours of illumination after silking. Comparison between different ecological zones, with the latitude increased, the number of sunshine hours during the maize growing increase, precipitation decreased after silking to reduce disease, increase yield, grain maize in eastern Henan crude protein, crude starch, crude fat, the highest lysine content.3. According to different ecological regions in Henan type and extent of disease, yield and quality distribution of maize varieties selected group of the following advantages: against Physoderma brown spot,DH601 is high resistant varieties;LY16, ZK11, LY35, AY12, HF9, JY6, DH602 middle resistant. Against Southera corn rust, LD981, DH601 is high resistant varieties;LY16, AY12, XD18, ZK11, DH602, JY6, LY35, HF9 middle resistant. Against Curvularia leaf spot, LY16, LD981 middle resistant. Against Rough Dwarf Disease DH602, ZK11, XD20, LD9002 are high resistant varieties. AgainstCommoncornsmutXD23, ZY9, XD20, ZK11, HF9, LD9002, JY6, LY35, DH602, DH601 are high resistant varieties.LY16, LD981, DH602, JY6, ZD958, ZN7278, ly35 are Disease resistance, yield, quality and overall performance better maize varieties in southern;LY16, ZD958, DH602, LY35, ZN7278, ZY9 are disease resistance, yield, quality and overall performance better maize varieties in center; DH602, ZK11, ZD958, DH601, JY6, LY35, LY16, XD20, HF986, AY12 are disease resistance, yield, quality and overall performance better maize varieties in eastern; XD20, LY35, DH602, JY6, ZK11, ZD958, DH601, LD981, AY12, LY16 are disease resistance, yield, quality and overall performance better maize varieties in northern; Four ecological zones, Northern region diseases were lighter, higher yield; southern region disease heavier, lower yield; eastern region corn quality is better; center region in the poor quality of maize.4.Different maize intercropping resistance: recommendations in different ecological areas of Henan Province recommended intercropping combinations, More serious disease of maize in southern,therefore recommended combination were LY16(well stress resistance)+ZD958, LY16+XD20; a little light corn diseases in center, serious pest in later stage, therefore recommended combination were DH602+ZD958, DH602+XD20; heavier disease before silking, less disease after silking in eastern, but best corn quality, therefore recommended combination were LY16+XD20, LD981+AY12; diseases of the lightest, high yield, quality is excellent too, but lodging in existence, therefore recommended combination were DH602+XD20, DH602+ZD958, DH602+AY12, ZD958+AY12.