Effects Of Different Improvement Measures On Physicochemical Characteristics Of Meadow Alkali Soil

In recent years, with continued population growth and the rapid development of industry, leading to deterioration of ecological environment, soil salinity increasing, not only seriously affect the development of modern agriculture and animal husbandry, but also a serious threat of natural reaources,the biosphere and the ecological environment, so it is imminent to synthesize control saline-alkali soil problem.There are distributed vast Saline soil reaourse in songnen plain in northeast of china, Lanxi county is located in the southeast of the songnen plain, there are mostly saline-alkali soil in western,northwest of Lanxi county, pH value are more than 8. And low organic matter content. Great input, output low, causing the level of agricultural production and farmers'per capita income long-term hovering at a low level, many farmers have not enough food and clothing, a considerable part of the place to abject povery. Therefore, the establishment of improvement measures adapted locally, rational development and utilization ofsaline-alkali soil of local resources is a vital role to Lanxi County as well as the entire northeast agriculture and economic development.The test is located in Heilongjiang Province, Lanxi county Pingshan town jixing villages, there are thirteen treatments, using different organic compounds (materials) on saline-alkali soil to improve it, and put corn as the instruction crop. Some soil indexes—soil bulk density,water regime,soil pH,available nutrients,CEC,ESP,whole salt content,soil enzymatic activity(Urase,Catalase,Invertase),organic matter,soil active matter,the carbon pool management index of soil and yiele of corn—were monitored periodicly.The best technology mode of improving saline-alkali soil was established through studying physico-chemical property of saline-alkali soil,carbon pool ,soil enzyme activities and changes of corn yield and relativity among all indexes.According to field trial and indoor experiment results of the analysis, use software SPSS analysis of variance,multiple comparisons and stepwise regression statistical analysis ,obtained the following results:1. Various improvement measures can improve the physical properties of the soil, Mainly in: the soil bulk density has varying degrees of lower than comparison treatment, treatment L: shallow turn subsoiling +mulching + fertilizers + peat+dung + foliar is the most obvious effect. The treatment of peat,furfural,pig,cow dung are followed the comprehensive treatment.Soil moisture of different treatments are improver than compared improvement,and with the changes in corn growth period has shown some variation.2. Various improvement measures can improve the chemical properties of the soil, Mainly in: ehhanced the cation exchange capacity of the soil, and the comprehensive treatment is the most obvious effect treatment reached a significant difference with the compared treantment ,Mulching,peat,furfural,cow dung,pig manure treatment compared with the control has reached a significant difference.Different treatments can reduce the soil pH value ,CEC and soil content,peat,furfural and comprehensive treatment are better than others,and reached significant difference between the level of oters with the compared treatment. Different treatments can enhance the release of NPK nutrients, integrated approach is the best, manure,furfural treatment also achieved a significant level of difference.3. Various improvement measures can improve the soil enzyme activity, mainly in:Soil urease, catalase, invertase than that of control has been improved to varying degrees.the treatment J: furfural. G: peat, L: shallow turn subsoiling +mulching + fertilizers + peat+dung + foliar is better than other treatment,and reached a significant level of different with the compared treatment.4. Various improvement measures can enhance the activity of soil organic matter and carbon pool management index relative to raise the level of the soil carbon pool.It is showed that these inprovements have fertility effects on soil properties of the sound development of the soil. The comprehensive treatment had the best effect.5. From the analysis of the correlation among the indicators derived: soil organic matter and soil moisture content, cation exchange capacity have good positive correlation(correlation coefficient R are as follows:0.789^**,0.878^**).soil organic matter and soil bulk density,salt content,basicity,and soil pH,showing a good negative correlation(correlation coefficient R are as follows:0.880^**,0.625^*,0.732^**,0.633^*).6. Soil salinity, soil organic matter and soil enzyme activities have excellent correlation, soil electrical conductivity and soil urease was multiplied by apower relationship(R=0.641^*);soil electrical conductivity and catalase showed a linear relationship(R=0.673^*);with an exponential relationship between soil-converting enzyme(R=0.677^*). Soil organic matter and soil urease linear correlation(R=0.896^**); soil organic matter and soil catalase and invertase and invertase logarithmic relationship(R=0.928^**; R=0.943^**).7. Various improvement measures can improve the yield of corn,and different measures are researched the level of significant differences compared with contrastion treatment ,L: shallow turn subsoiling +mulching + fertilizers + peat+dung + foliar is the highest yield than other treatment. Followed by treatment peat,dung and pig manure , achieving a significant difference with the compared treatment.