Preliminary Study On The Larch Mycorrhiza Rhizosphere Fungi

The larch is one of major tree species for afforestation in north china. The mycorrhiza of larch played a significant role in absorption of nutrients and water, increasing the resistance of trees, and improving the survival rate and biomass yield. So utilizing the mycorrhizal of larch has been a indispensable biotechnical measure to cultivate the larch quality seedlings and to create a fast growing forest. Through the research into the larch mycorrhizal fungi in rhizosphere and soil fungi resource, the diversity and distribution of fungal population could be accurately determined. Furthermore, the large amount of beneficial fungal resources such as mycorrhizal fungi, edible and medicinal fungi could be screened out. Above all, this research work would contribute to the management and further exploitation of the microorganisms.In this research,38 forest soil and mycorrhizal fungi fungal samples in rhizosphere and soil fungi fungal samples were collected, and then by means of the methods of dilution plate to separate and purify,206 fungal isolates were obtained. Based on morphological characteristics, these fungal isolates were identified as 22 genera, including two newly recorded species for China, namely, Gilmaniella punctiformis(Sivan.& B. Sutton)and Gilmaniella subornata(Morinaga, Minoura & Udagawa), and two new recorded genus for china, namely, Virgariella (S. Hughes) and Basifimbria (Subram.& Lodha). Of the 22 genera,3 genera are zygomycetes,1 genus is ascomycetes and 18 genera are anamorphic fungi. The morphological description, habitat, and mierograph for parts of fungal species were provided in the paper with morphology photos. Furthermore, the fungi were briefly analysed and discussed. Furthermore, because of the formation of ectomycorrhiza between the larch and mycorrhizal fungi such as Hygrophorus lucorum, Suillus grevillei, Chroogomphis rutillus and Suillus granulatus, the description for branch type and the colour of the ectomycorrhiza and presence of the extension of hyphae and rhizomorph were also provided in the paper with the morphology photos, and these characteristics of the above described were briefly analysed and discussed.According to the fungi separation frequency, number and population, in this research, the diversity of larch mycorrhizal fungi population in rhizosphere was preliminary studied. The maximum number of mycorrhizal fungi in rhizosphere is up to (1.10×104cfu·g-1 dry soil), but the minimum value is (4×102cfu·g-1 dry soil), there is even a difference of more than ten times. When comparing the larch mycorrhizal fungi in rhizosphere with soil fungi, the dominant species has a larger proportion in the former. The dominant species in the larch mycorrhizal fungi in rhizosphere is Trichoderma, and the one in soil fungi is Penicillium.