The Research And Aplication Of Cell Engineering On Rice Male Sterile Lines Breeding

Heterosis is an important and effective way in increasing crop yield Cultivating and popularizing super hybrid rice combinations significantly increased yield per unit area in China and have become the key way to enhance total rice production. CMS resources are the basis for breeding excellent combinations. Male sterile lines can greatly increase the yield and quality of hybrid seeds. Anther culture and protoplast fusion were used in this study to explore new breeding method to obtain elite completely male sterile lines of gametophyte type. The research results are as fellow:1 A lot of male sterile plants were found in the F2 generation of rice gametophyte. The fertility of F2 was unstable. The phenomenon is different from previous reports. This discovery will enrich the male sterility research. If it is appropriately made use of, it may play an important part in Japonica hybrid rice breeding.2 The male sterility of gametophyte F2 generation was stable by anther culture technique. It showed mini-fertility genes in CMS lines of BT or HL type could be discarded by anther culture. CMS lines of BT or HL type has the potential to become completely male sterile in the future.3 Reverse nuclear substitution technique was designed to obtain the maintainer lines of the elite completely male sterile CMS plants mentioned above. The steps are as follow:irradiate to protoplasts of a normal variety to destroy their nuclear, retain their normal cytoplasm; treat the protoplasts of the CMS plants with iodoacetamide, fuse the two kinds of protoplasts to form cybrid cells and screen fertile plants as maintainers. Cybrid cells were obtained and the results will be get later.