| Buckwheat is the important food crops and cash crops,and it also has a high nutritional value,being rich in bioflavonoids and other bioactive components and having the dual effect of nutrition and health. It is not only a honey crop,but also a traditional export commodity in china. Its unique nutritional composition,functional value and role of agricultural production play an important role to meet the current needs of people. Buckwheat has become the focus of attention,as the research of its medicinal value developments to a deeper level. The beginning study of Buckwheat is late and the progress is slow, and there is a series of serious problems exists,such as:low use of varieties,species changes slowly,the original application of a single species,serious degradation. Therefore,researches on the genetic diversity of buckwheat have an important guiding significance on screening of germplasm and improving varieties of buckwheat. In this study,by SSR molecular markers and morphological analysis, we compared the genetic polymorphisms of 205 Tartary Buckwheat Local varieties coming from Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,Xizang,Shan'anxi and Ningxia. The main results are as follows:1. The analysis of Agronomic traits indicated that: there is significant difference between all the 205 accesses. There is obvious diversity on eight Quantitative traits between all the materials. The max of Coefficient of variation of morphological traits ( CV%) is the diameter of Main stem with reaching 35.26%;Secondly is the branch of the stem with the number of 23.24%; while the growth period ranks the last reaching 11.29%. Results from Clustering showing that:all the materials can be divided into four major categories,which contains 12 sub-categories. Overall, there are obvious differences on quantitative trait between categories, but no obvious regional. Varieties of the same province had been divided into different categories showing that buckwheat from all the provinces have high genetic diversity.2. There are 13 primers : Fes1394,Fes1816,Fes2644,Fes1286,Fes1475,Fes2743,Hyb-49,Hyb-16,Hyb-15,TH3A-GT16,TH3A-CA7,SE13-GT11,TH26-CA49 elected for the researching on genetic diversity of tartary buckwheat by PCR amplification, the 13 primers was choosed from 30 primers used on common buckwheat and tartary buckwheat.3. The results of SSR. Analysis of genetic diversity within the same province showed that:Genetic similarity coefficient of Shananxi varieties ranged from 0.57 to 0.94, while Xizang is 0.65-0.93,and Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan region ranks from 0.56 to 0.95. results of clustering show that varieties of the same area always can be divided into the same categories.There is higher genetic diversity among Varieties, and the genetic similarity coefficient of all the 502 accesses ranged from 0.55 to 0.95,with an Average of 0.75. All the tested material is divided into 15 categories by clustering,most of the material form a class with a greater number showing that they have a small genetic difference,while little material even only one material form a class showing that they have a large genetic difference.4. Results from Clustering showing that a single species can be divided into a category, such as the material K047 coming from Ningshan of Shananxi Province and K176 coming from Yunnan Province. These indicated that they are maybe the special buckwheat genetic resources. Further analysis showed that K047 have a longer fertility days and a lower height than the other varieties in the same area, while K176 have a longer fertility days and a higher grain weight than the other varieties in the same area. In the future, we should pay more attention to these species with specific and distinctive characteristics. |
