| This paper is based on the Esox luciusLinnaeus brood fish cultivated by the aquatic breeding farm of zhenghe hebei province. Technology of artificial breeding was studied and the phases of embryo development were delicately observed. When artificial insemination had been conducted, embryo, growth and development of Esox luciusLinnaeus, which is affected by the different gradient sets of temperature, was intensively studied. Also, artificial acclimation experiments were designed to change the Esox luciusLinnaeus'diet. Now the results are reported as follows:302 brood fish, which were in the age of 2 to 3 and the weight of 1.8 to 3.0, were picked out and cultivated as brood fish. Oxytocic drugs were injected into the base of pectoral fin. The results indicated that the total amount of female fish with induced spawning and insemination were 138 and 31, respectively. The gloss weight of fertilized eggs was 3902.6g, with total amounts of 594806. The ratio of induction and average fertilization were 22.4% and 76.3%, respectively.Six different gradient sets of temperature were distributed into the experiment groups to study the relationship between embryonic development and incubation temperature of Esox lucius. The time of embryonic development,hatching rate,survival rate and malformation rate were gathered,and then the results were recorded and calculated by means of statistical analysis. The results showed that 18℃was the critical temperature of water that embryonic development of Esox luciusLinnaeus could tolerate,and 14℃to 16℃was the optimum temperature. Among all the temperature groups, group of 16℃had the largest incubation rate,which was 61.5%, and its hatching rate of normal larval was also the highest,57.75%. This was followed by the group of 14℃with hatching rate 59.75%. However, concerning lowest malformation rate, group of 12℃, 14℃and 16℃ranked the top three, and figures were 3.75%, 5.45%, 6.0%, respectively. Group of 14℃had the highest survival rate of Larval fish. Also, From group of 8℃to 18℃,accumulated temperature of Esox luciusLinnaeus for embryonic development was ranged from 2825.96℃? h to 2130.19℃? h.During the cultivating of the larval, the relationship between water temperature of cultivation and morphological development and growth on Esox luciusLinnaeus was evaluated. Seven different gradient sets of temperature were distributed into the experiment groups and consecutive observation upon the hatching larvae of Esox luciusLinnaeus was performed in the following 14 days. The results indicated the optimal water temperature for cultivation of larval was 16℃to 18℃,and only at this temperature,with higher survival rate, larval fish grew faster than that in other groups. In addition, the results implied that, in the scale of 8℃to 24℃, raising up the water temperature properly could actually promote the growth and development of Esox luciusLinnaeus without a lower the survival rate. If taking up this method, we can shorten the breeding time. However, it will also have some disadvantages such as overfeeding to facilitate its growth,and the resulting higher cost of feeding.270 small fish, with its weight ranged from 3 cm to 3.15cm, was picked up from ones, which was incubated by an artificial means, and was assigned equally and randomly into three groups to carry out acclimation experiment. Each group had two aquariums, which was used for raising, and each aquarium had 30 fish. Three groups called control group, experimental group I and experimental groupⅡ, respectively. In control group, carp larval was given as forage. However, minced fillet was taken placed by a compound feed comprised of 30% minced fillet and 70% turtle feed in experimental group I, turtle feed in experimental groupⅡ, The results showed that average survival rate in control group, experimental group I andⅡwere 90%, 30% and 23.3%, respectively. The increment of growth in control group, experimental group I andⅡwere 9.02, 5.93 and 5.07 centimeter, respectively.This study main start from the natural seeding, then training them become broodstock, by learning about the maturity of broodstock fish laws, we studied the technology of artificial breeding of Esox luciusLinnaeus, and have mastered a set of feasible artificial oxytocin, artificial incubation, artificial breeding techniques, large-scale production of operating rules. This is the first successful artificial breeding of inland except xinjiang area and opened up a new road which can cultivate in different areas. There are significant on artificial breeding, natural resource protection and economic development. |
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