Studies On The Genetic Stability And Cultivation Techniques Of New Lines In Camellia Japonica L.

'Hua Zaochun'and'Jinyindan'are two new lines of Camellia japonica L. which are selected from'Zaochun Dahongqiu'and'Fendan'cultivar, respectively. Based on the introductions of clones selection, genetic stabilities, biological characteristics, breeding and cultivation of these new lines were further studied. The main achievements of the dissertation are as follows:1. The hereditable mutant lines of Camellia japonica L.The traits of camellia mutations could be easily stabilized without atavism by means of repeated cutting and grafting.2. Virus infection experiments on variants of Camellia japonica L.The variation in leaves and branches could sustain when the mutant was grafted into the original plants, indicating that the variation was not due to virus infection.3. ISSR molecular marker between the variants and original onesInter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR) technique was applied to detect genetic diverisity through extracting DNA of leaves.12 pairs of primers could amplificate 110 bands,8 of them appeared polymorphism bands.The polymoorphic ratio was 11.8%, indicating that they share most common grounds. Hierachical cluster analysis based on UPGMA was made by Jaccard cofficient from the ISSR analysis. It could be concluded that the genetic distance was short between'Jinyindan'and'Fendan','Hua Zaochun'and'Zaochun Dahongqiu', respectively. However,the genetic distance between different species was considerably long.4. Tests of biological characteristics and resistances of the new Camellia japonica L. The results showed that the growth speed of'Jinyindan'is faster than that of original one. Compared with'Zaochun Dahongqiu', the florescence of'Hua Zaochun' is earlier and longer with remarkable pistils and stamens. What is more, the resistance of'Hua Zaochun'is superior to that of the original one as well.5. The breeding and cultivation testsDifferent concentrations of IBA, substratums and timing were applied in cutting experiments to reveal the utmost optimal conditions for'Huazaochun'. The grafting, cutting and management of cultivation to the new camellias including the management of water, fertilization, pruning and the control of diseases and insect pests were concluded through experiments.