Resources And Medicinal Utilization Of Bletilla (Orchidaceae)

Bletilla, one of the most economic value categories plantes among the orchidaceae in temperate zone, is perennial herb, which not only has high ornamental value, but also is one of our traditional chinese medicines. There are about 6 species in Bletilla, which distributed in Asia. There are four kinds of widely distributed in the Yangtze River, south of the QinLing Mountains. With the rapid development of science and technology and improvement of living standard in recent years, by the medicinal need and the garden flower market's strong demand growth, the exports of Bletilla increased significantly. In addition, due to unrestricted artificial excavation, serious damage to the ecological environment, wild resource of Bletilla is sharply decreasing in our country. We investigated and analysised the wild resources and the current status of cultivation of Bletilla to meet Bletilla species exported Administration and to ensure that the scientific examination and approval, at last we provided some administrative examination and approval strategies about Bletilla export and sustainable development strategy.In this paper, combination with data collection, field surveys and AFLP analysis, we analysised the distribution of wild resources and the current status of cultivation of Bletilla. The main research result is shown as follows:(1) At present, cultivation of B. striata were mainly in Central China Region, southwest, and other areas along the Yangtze River. And the integral types was B. striata, few B. ochracea or B. formosana were planted..(2) Intercropping were the main run ways of Blettila. Wild resources had moer market share.(3) Breeding technology of Bletilla were immature, tissue culture cultivation of Bletilla has not been successful. So almost all cultivated Bletilla were wild speices(4) We analysised morphological datas and amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) between cultivation and corresponding wild specimens in the same region, Although shapes were difference significantly, however the molecular level of expected heterozygosity were similar, it showed that at present there was no artificial breeding species in China, the breeding system of Bletilla was relatively primitive.(5) The planting areas cultivation-scale of Bletilla were small, there were few enterprises or farmers have adopted the GAP standardi planting technology, and established GAP demonstrative bases. Because of short planting periods, immature technical system and lack of planting experience, artificial production and economic efficiency of Bletilla were not high. Wild resources declined sharply in recent years. To prevent wild speices endangered, it's too important to put the sustainable development strategy into practice.